2023-07-04 15:02:30
There are several reasons why there aren’t many rear-engine rear-wheel-drive vehicles.
Some of the reasons include:
Driving: Rear-wheel drive and rear-engine vehicles may be more difficult to handle and have more unstable driving behavior compared to front-wheel drive or four-wheel drive vehicles.
Space: Locating the engine in the rear of the vehicle reduces the space available in the engine compartment and may affect the design of the vehicle.
Cargo capacity and space available for passengers can be increased, since a transmission tunnel is not necessary, and the vehicle floor can be flat.
Cost: Rear-engined vehicles are more expensive to produce due to the added complexity of the design.
Impact:
The position of the engine block behind the passenger compartment means that in the event of a frontal collision a structural design of the car’s nose can be adopted that behaves effectively to absorb the impact.
Market demand: Most buyers prefer front-wheel drive or four-wheel drive vehicles because of their better handling and greater stability.
Therefore, there is less demand for rear-engined, rear-wheel drive vehicles.
Why do super cars have a rear engine?
For several reasons:
Rather than the rear, what they are looking for is the central engine, behind the driver but in front of or above the rear axle, only the Porsche 911 has the rear engine.
Aerodynamics:
To have a thinner front
rear wheel drive:
All front-wheel drive cars tend to understeer when taking sharp turns, understeer is that it tends to pull out the trunk when turning less than it should.
All rear-wheel drive cars tend to oversteer when taking sharp turns, oversteer is that it tends to enter the curve (steer more than it should).
Obviously if you are turning at high speed, it is preferable that the car tends to enter more than necessary, they even have skid competitions, but if it goes off the road, there is not much to do except slow down or you will slap yourself.
better space
With a forward motor and rear traction, it is time to place a Cardan (or transmission shaft), this implies a central tunnel reducing space in the passenger compartment and additional weight
Compact:
If you don’t have to add joints to the side and side of the Cardan, you can create a very compact Engine + Box + Rear Differential unit.
weight distribution
With the engine and driver forward, the weight distribution is not 50/50
With rear central engine, all the weight, both of the driver and the engine, remains between the two axles (battle), being able to distribute the loads 50/50
The weight distribution is almost perfect, what’s more, in F1 they advance or delay the driver’s position depending on his weight, the car is tailored to each driver
That is why when they have made presentations competing in F1 with a Rally car with the same power, the F1 takes such an advantage, that they usually give them half a track advantage or things like half a minute from the start.
The disadvantages of rear-engined cars:
Its main drawbacks are:
It is not suitable for housing long engines, such as 8 or more cylinders.
The ventilation conditions of the engine are worse than in the case of a front engine, since when it is located in the rear part, heat dissipation must be relied on the air flow generated by the aerodynamic depression produced by the movement of the vehicle in its back.
The space makes it difficult to properly soundproof the engine. The reduced distance between the engine and the rear exhaust means a higher level of sound generated, also making it difficult to install catalysts.
The vibrations coming from the engine and the differential are concentrated on the same axis.
Rear engine vehicles tend to be oversteerers.
The gear lever is very far from the gearbox, which makes it necessary to design complex drive systems.
The delayed center of gravity causes the vehicle to yaw in the same direction in which the wind is blowing in the event of a crosswind.
Homologated vehicles with rear engine:
Benz Patent Motor Car
BMW 600, 700 e i3
Chevrolet Corvair 8
Davrian
DMC DeLorean
Dune buggies like the Meyers Manx
Fiat 500, 600, 850, 126 and 133
FMR Tg500
Hillman Imp
Hino Countess
Mercedes-Benz 130/150/170H
Mitsubishi i Mitsubishi i-MiEV
NSU Prince
Porsche 356, different types of the 911 and 959
Puma
Renault 4CV, Dauphine, Floride, Caravelle, R8, R10 and the third generation Twingo
Renault Alpine A106, A108, A110, A310 y GTA/A610
SEAT 600, 850 y 133
Simca 1000
Škoda 1000/1100MB, MBX, 100/110, 110R, 105/120/125, 130/135/136, Garde y Rapid
Second generation Smart Fortwo, Roadster and Smart Forfour
Stout Scarab
Subaru 360
Suzuki Fronte 360, Fronte 71 and 72, Fronte Coupe, Fronte LC20, Fronte 7-S/SS10/SS20 and Cervo SS20/SC100
Tata Nano, Tata Pixel y Tata Magic Iris
Tatra 77, 87, 97, 600, 603, 613 and 700
Tucker 48 ‘Torpedo’
Volkswagen Kübelwagen Tipo 62 and Tipo 82, the Commander’s Car and Schwimmwagen
Volkswagen Beetle, Type 3 ‘pontoon’, Karmann Ghia and Type 4 (411/412), as well as the VW Microbus/Transporter and Type 181 ‘Thing’
Serie ZAZ Zaporozhets
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