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THE KEYS TO THE ÉLYSÉE. Until the end of the presidential campaign, the Antisèche of the Journal du Dimanche will define the words of the political debate. Because there are never any stupid questions, our section will go over the concepts used by all the candidates and commentators without us ever taking the time to explain them.
Some presidential candidates would like to come back to it, others reinforce it. For nearly fifty years, the single college has been the subject of debate. Its creation dates back to the Haby law (named following the Minister of Education at the time) of July 11, 1975. The objective is then clear: that each student has the same background at the end of compulsory schooling, set at 16 years of age. The Fouchet decree, signed in 1963, had already marked a step, creating a single and same type of establishment at the end of primary school.
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Most there were still three streams: a long path leading to high school, a short path preparing for the patent, and a pre-learning called “practical transition”, each supervised by different teaching bodies. The 1975 reform, carried out by President Valéry Giscard d’Estaing, therefore eliminated these differences; the courses are all taught by certified and accredited teachers.
Since then, the single college has not ceased to be criticized. Some politicians denounce a race to the bottom. Others point out that while this reform has made it possible to increase the number of middle school students (nearly 3.43 million in 2020), it has not yet made it possible to reduce educational inequalities… as evidenced by the Pisa (Programme for International Student Assessment) surveys of the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) of 15-year-old students.
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