2024-11-15 14:30:00
The doctor specializing in immunology Brigitte Autran, president of Covars, in 2022. VINCENT COLIN
For ten years, the United Nations (UN), through the World Health Organization (WHO), has been trying to impose the concept of “One Health”. This notion highlights the interdependence of human, animal and ecosystem health. Fleetingly popularized during the Covid-19 epidemic, it is struggling to establish itself in public policies and public opinion. However, all it takes is stagnant water – ideal for mosquitoes – and a malaria epidemic can develop.
Deforestation, strong urbanization, and disturbed bats can contaminate mammals. Overuse of antibiotics and resistant viruses are emerging. Environment, health and society are closely linked. How can we advance the idea of “One Health”? Brigitte Autran heads Covars, an independent scientific committee created at the end of the health emergency law, in support of the Minister of Health and Research and the Prime Minister, to help them anticipate health risks .
How did the notion of One Health emerge?
Covid has highlighted the fact that 75% to 80% of emerging infections in humans are of animal origin. To better anticipate this risk, it is necessary to have a joint and parallel analysis of the pathologies likely to emerge from the animal world and be transmitted to humans. Covid-19 was an illustration of this, since we know that the virus emerged in bats. The government therefore considered that it was very important to include this concept of “One Health” in the Covars missions.
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The first interactions between man and animals are extremely old, and we have always known in the history of diseases that major epidemics often originate in the animal world. For example, plague epidemics as we have known them since Antiquity. This reality was highlighted at the beginning of the 21st century with several major epidemics such as SARS. [syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère]in 2002-2004, MERS-CoV [coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient]in 2012, pandemic episodes of influenza originating from birds or the animal world… This concept of One Health was gradually highlighted.
Has the Covid-19 crisis accelerated the consideration of these interactions?
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How does Dr. Brigitte Autran believe the “One Health” initiative can help prevent future pandemics?
**Interview with Dr. Brigitte Autran on the “One Health” Initiative**
**Date:** November 15, 2024
**Time:** 14:30
**Interviewer:** [YourName)
**Alex Reed:** Dr. Brigitte Autran, President of Covars
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**Interviewer:** Thank you for joining us today, Dr. Autran. The “One Health” concept emphasizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health. Can you explain why this approach is particularly critical in today’s world?
**Dr. Autran:** Thank you for having me. The “One Health” approach is crucial because our health is deeply intertwined with that of animals and the environment. Issues such as deforestation and urbanization not only disrupt ecosystems but also create conditions that can foster diseases, as we’ve seen with the emergence of viruses that leap from animals to humans. By adopting this integrated perspective, we can develop more effective strategies to prevent health crises.
**Interviewer:** You mentioned that “One Health” gained attention during the COVID-19 pandemic but has struggled to gain traction in public policy. What challenges do you see in promoting this concept?
**Dr. Autran:** One of the main challenges is the lack of awareness and understanding among policymakers and the public about the true scope of “One Health.” Many still see human health, animal health, and environmental health as separate issues. Additionally, health systems are often siloed, making collaborative efforts difficult. We need more advocacy and educational initiatives to bridge these gaps and encourage a collaborative approach to health.
**Interviewer:** Given the increasing incidence of zoonotic diseases, what concrete steps can we take to advance the “One Health” agenda?
**Dr. Autran:** First and foremost, we need enhanced surveillance systems that monitor not only human health but also animal and environmental health indicators. Investing in research that studies these interconnections is vital. Furthermore, integrating “One Health” principles into public health policies, educational programs, and even urban planning can help us preempt potential outbreaks. We also require stronger regulations on antibiotic use to mitigate the rise of resistant pathogens.
**Interviewer:** As president of Covars, how do you see your committee contributing to the “One Health” initiative?
**Dr. Autran:** Covars is dedicated to anticipating health risks by offering scientific guidance to the government. We aim to promote “One Health” through our recommendations, emphasizing the need for cross-sector collaboration. By uniting experts in human health, veterinary science, and environmental science, we can provide a holistic approach to emerging health threats and policy development.
**Interviewer:** Lastly, how can individuals contribute to the ”One Health” agenda in their daily lives?
**Dr. Autran:** Individuals can play a significant role by being mindful of their actions. Simple steps such as reducing waste, using antibiotics responsibly, and supporting conservation initiatives can have a positive impact. Educating oneself and being vocal about the importance of “One Health” in community discussions can also help foster a more supportive public attitude towards this integrated approach.
**Interviewer:** Thank you, Dr. Autran, for sharing your insights on the ”One Health” initiative. It’s clear that adopting this approach is essential for safeguarding our health and the health of our ecosystems.
**Dr. Autran:** Thank you for having me. I hope our conversation encourages more people to embrace the “One Health” philosophy.
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**[End of Interview]**
