2023-08-26 11:51:49
The European Union has dedicated a considerable sum to the Human Brain project, seeking to decipher the mysteries of our thinking organ via digital modelling. Despite controversial beginnings and ongoing challenges, the project has spawned notable advances, including the creation of EBRAINS, a brain simulation platform. These efforts might accelerate neuroscience research.
The human brain, this complex and mysterious structure, has been at the heart of scientific concerns for decades, in particular because of the various diseases affecting this precious organ. As technology and research combine to unlock its secrets, the European Union has launched one of the most ambitious projects in recent years: the Human Brain Project (HBP). It started in 2013 with the collaboration of nearly 500 scientists.
Funded to the tune of 600 million euros, this project aims to model our organ of thought on a computer, according to an article by
Nature. Behind this initiative, a fundamental question: how to digitally reproduce the mechanisms of the brain to better understand it and meet the health challenges of tomorrow? But above all, what progress has been made since 2013? This approach might pave the way for unprecedented medical advances.
:: THE T-SHIRT THAT SUPPORTS SCIENCE! ::
Controversial beginnings
From its launch, HBP found itself in the spotlight, but not always for the right reasons. The scientific community, usually wary of bold promises, has expressed reservations regarding the ambitious goal of the HBP. The promise of Henry Markram, visionary behind the project, to reproduce the functioning of the brain in all its cellular complexity in just ten years, seemed to far too optimistic, even unrealistic. These doubts were not without foundation: the brain, with its billions of interconnected neurons, is of unequaled complexity.
Skeptics wonder how such a feat might be achieved in such a short time. Faced with this pressure, and the need to obtain tangible results, the HBP had to adapt. The changes have not only concerned the research objectives, but also the very structure of the project. The management has been reorganized, seeking to establish a new dynamic and to respond to the concerns of the scientific community. These adjustments were essential to ensure the credibility and sustainability of the HBP in the long term.
Notable progress despite the challenges
Despite the challenges encountered, the project has been able to capitalize on the resources and skills of its members to make a significant contribution to the world of neuroscience. One of his most impressive contributions is undoubtedly the development of 3D maps of the brain. These detailed maps cover more than 200 brain regions, giving researchers unprecedented and precise insight into brain structure, paving the way for new studies and understandings.
The HBP has characterized the anatomy of the human brain in detail and developed tools to link brain structure and function to gene expression. © Mareen Fischinger
Moreover, the HBP did not limit itself to modelling. He also explored practical applications to improve the quality of life of individuals. The development of brain implants intended to treat blindness is a striking example. These implants, currently being developed, might restore sight to thousands of people, transforming entire lives.
Finally, the use of supercomputers has been a central pillar of the HBP. These powerful machines made it possible to simulate complex brain functions, providing a unique perspective on the inner workings of the brain. Thanks to these simulations, researchers can now study the organ from previously inaccessible angles, thus accelerating discoveries and innovations in the field of neuroscience.
A slice of human brain showing the architecture of fibers connecting different regions. © Markus Axer and Katrin Amunts, INM-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich
EBRAINS: The HBP Legacy
As HBP funding ends in September 2023, the initiative has given birth to EBRAINS, an innovative digital platform designed for brain simulation and experimentation in virtual settings. EBRAINS is not just an extension of HBP, it is an evolution. It brings together a multitude of state-of-the-art tools and an extensive library of brain imaging data, making neuroscience research more accessible and collaborative. Researchers can now dive into detailed brain simulations, explore complex patterns and test hypotheses in real time.
One of the areas explored through EBRAINS is the study of brain reactivity to various stimuli. By understanding how the brain responds to specific stimuli, scientists can develop more targeted therapies for neurological conditions or even figure out how to improve cognitive performance.
Want to remove ads from the site while continuing to support us?
It’s simple, just subscribe!
Right now, 20% discount on the annual subscription!
In addition, the platform plays a crucial role in the development of robotics. Inspired by the mechanisms and processes of the human brain, researchers are using EBRAINS to design robots with advanced cognitive abilities. These robots, which “think” in a similar way to humans, might revolutionize many sectors, from health to industry, including education.
Towards a European Brain Health Partnership
EBRAINS is also at the heart of a strategic proposal for an EU-funded Coordination and Support Action, according to a communiqué. Entitled “Designing a European Brain Health Landscape”, this project aims to establish a collaborative framework for existing initiatives in European neuroscience. With a budget of €1.2 million over two years, the aim is to meet the current and future health needs of EU citizens.
Although the HBP has seen challenges and controversy, its legacy, especially EBRAINS, is undeniable. Advances made over the past decade have laid the foundation for a better understanding of the human brain. As the BPH winds down, researchers are optimistic regarding the future of brain research in Europe.
Source : Nature
1693054360
#return #million #euros #invested #Europe
