2023-08-18 06:10:35
Without any risk factors, it is possible to induce cardiovascular disease? Cardiology specialist Zeng Zhenfeng shared the case with “Sky Post”, referring to a woman in her 40s who had no risk factors on weekdays, but one day she suddenly experienced severe pain in her chest and was sent to the hospital for angiography and found abnormalities in the blood vessels, which were similar to the usual acute occlusion. The symptoms were not similar, and after examination, it was confirmed that he was suffering from a rare heart disease, which required urgent surgery. Dr. Zeng pointed out that this type of acute heart disease is relatively rare, and there is no warning when it occurs like acute heart disease. Although the cause has not been confirmed yet, there are three major factors that may increase the risk of disease, and women need to pay special attention to it.
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Zeng Zhenfeng, a specialist in cardiology, shared the above case and said that the patient did not smoke, had high blood pressure and cholesterol and other “three highs” problems, and did not have any risk factors. , chest tightness, nausea, sweating and other typical symptoms of coronary heart disease, so rushed to the hospital for medical treatment.
The emergency department arranged for the patient to undergo an electrocardiogram examination. As a result, “ST-segment protrusion” appeared on the electrocardiogram, which is a typical heartbeat transition before a heart attack. Therefore, he was immediately sent to the operating room for “angiography examination”. Dr. Zeng said that for common symptoms of acute occlusion, some blood vessels in the heart should be “thickened at both ends” and “narrowed in the middle”, just like an apple whose middle part has been eaten; Seeing that the whole blood vessel began to shrink rapidly from the middle part, which was unusual, so a spectroscopic instrument was inserted into the blood vessel for throat inspection, and it was finally confirmed that the patient was suffering from a relatively rare acute heart disease – “spontaneous coronary artery disease”. Stripping (SCAD)”.
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spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD)
The cause of “spontaneous coronary artery dissection” is that there is a crack between the inner wall and the outer wall of the blood vessel, which causes the microfilament blood vessel to rupture and bleed. In the scan results of “angiography combined with optical coherence tomography”, the cross-section of some blood vessels will show “sudden narrowing in the depth of the blood vessel”, and the blood vessel wall will also appear shadows due to thinning and rupture of microfilament blood vessels.
Dr. Zeng continued that the symptoms of the patient were similar to those of typical coronary heart disease, such as severe pain in the chest, chest tightness, nausea, sweating, etc. It may cause the laceration to expand, so this kind of heart disease cannot be treated with “Angioplasty” surgery. Generally, only conservative treatment is adopted, and blood-thinning drugs are prescribed to allow the blood in the body to disperse on its own, so that the inner wall Natural healing. During the postoperative recovery period, the patient’s condition can change greatly, so he needs to stay in the hospital for close monitoring; if the condition is ideal, he can usually be discharged within one to two weeks.
Three possible risk factors for spontaneous coronary artery dissection
Afterwards, Dr. Tsang asked the patient about the course of the attack. He learned that a relative in his family passed away suddenly one week before the onset of the disease. He explained that although the cause of “spontaneous coronary artery dissection” is not certain, the following three possible factors may increase the risk of the disease:
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Severe mood swings:Mental stress and emotional agitation can damage blood vessels.Hormonal shifts:Hormonal changes caused by pregnancy, childbirth, hormonal medication or birth control pills.Women are more common:The disease is more common in females, and mostly occurs in young women. Even people without risk factors may still be affected.
There is usually no warning before the onset of the disease
The patient was observed in the intensive care unit after the operation, and his condition became stable after that. He has recovered and been discharged. Dr. Zeng said that the treatment of patients suffering from “spontaneous coronary artery dissection” is slightly different from that of ordinary coronary heart disease; if there are no risk factors that need to be treated, generally long-term medication may not be required, and they can resume daily life and exercise , but the degree needs to be adjusted.
Dr. Zeng said that acute heart attack usually has no warning. Taking coronary heart disease pathology as an example, the cause of the attack is usually due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaque in the heart, and the patient’s blood vessels are damaged due to smoking, high blood pressure, and cholesterol. , inflammation, and rupture and bleeding; and the platelets in the heart blood vessels lose their balance when they are being repaired, causing blood vessel occlusion, and the patient does not feel the process of blood vessel blockage slowly, until the sudden inflammation and the outbreak of the disease. pain.
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