2023-05-01 10:45:39
▲ The doctor reveals the 3 symptoms of endometriosis, and teaches the difference between in situ menstrual pain and chocolate tumor.
Monthly menstrual pain is not a normal phenomenon, so you should pay more attention, because you may suffer from endometriosis, commonly known as “chocolate tumor”. TOPick interviewed Chen Yishi, a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology, to explain the serious consequences of this disease.
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Unexplained etiology also common in younger patients
Dr. Chen explained that “chocolate tumor” is actually a blood tumor caused by endometriosis. Under normal circumstances, the endometrium that grows inside the uterus flakes off every month and flows out through the cervix and vagina, forming a woman’s menstrual period. However, when there is an abnormal situation, the endometrium will still peel off and bleed every month, but the blood cannot be discharged through the cervix and vagina, and it will accumulate on the ovary, forming a hematoma. Oxygenated blood will turn from red to brown. During surgery, blood tumors are punctured, and then a chocolate-like liquid flows out. This phenomenon is called “chocolate tumors”.
As for why the endometrium is displaced? Dr. Chen said that no one in the medical community knows the cause. It is said that cell mutations lead to the opportunity to grow into endometrial cells throughout the body. For example, a rare case has been recorded in medical books. The patient coughed up blood every month during menstruation. The reason was that the cells in the lungs mutated into endometrial cells. In reality, such an extreme case has never been encountered, but “chocolate tumor” patients are very common, and the age group is even lower, and patients aged 10 to 20 are not uncommon.
3 Common Symptoms of “Chocolate Tumor”
Dr. Chen pointed out that patients with “chocolate tumor” generally have 3 common symptoms:
Some people feel bloated. At first they thought they were gaining weight, but following an ultrasound, they found a tumor. In addition, the most common is menstrual pain, because the bleeding will stimulate the peritoneum, the patient can be very painful, and even have to go to the emergency room to take morphine every month; if the tumor ruptures, the fluid will flow to the peritoneum and be stimulated, which belongs to acute peritonitis . Usually, if the “chocolate tumor” grows to 5 to 8 cm, the chance of puncture is relatively high. Another symptom is infertility, because endometriosis can affect female fertility.
Regarding the most common symptoms of menstrual pain, Dr. Chen added that the biggest difference between menstrual pain caused by endometriosis and general in-situ menstrual pain is that the former is painful only following menstruation, and usually the most painful on the second and third days of menstruation; the latter It is pain 2 days before menstruation, and there is usually no pain following menstruation.
can have serious consequences
Dr. Chen said that the “chocolate tumor” itself is very thin, so the biggest risk is to worry regarding it bursting suddenly. As a result, in addition to stimulating the peritoneum and causing the extreme pain of acute peritonitis, if the patient is a pregnant woman, the swelling of the uterus may also crush the tumor. For example, during the first 3 to 4 months of pregnancy, the rupture of the “chocolate tumor” may lead to miscarriage; during the later 7 to 8 months of pregnancy, it is more likely to stimulate the uterus to contract and cause the fetus to be born prematurely.
In addition, because endometriosis has a chance to develop into cancer, Dr. Chen admitted that this is the biggest consequence of ignoring “chocolate tumor”:
It is impossible to tell 100% whether it is cancer or not just by blood test or ultrasound. Surgery must be performed to remove the cells, and you will know when you look under a microscope.
However, if the “chocolate tumor” is not found to be cancerous following surgery, the patient will also have to bear another price:
Some patients may be only in their 10s or 20s and have not given birth yet. Surgery may damage the ovaries, making it more difficult for her to have children in the future. Therefore, surgical treatment may not necessarily be recommended. It is necessary to understand the patient’s own fertility wishes and age factors before discussing the decision.
Prevention and cure
Dr. Chen admitted that there is no way to prevent “chocolate tumor” because the cause is unknown. Even eating less estrogenic foods has little effect on preventing it. Even once suffering from “chocolate tumor”, the method of radical cure will be very cruel:
There are only two cures. The first is to wait for the patient to stop menstruation, and the second is to perform surgery to remove both ovaries to achieve the effect of menopause. As long as there is no female cycle, this disease does not exist.
Finally, although there is no preventive method for “chocolate tumor”, Dr. Chen also gave female friends 3 major advices to develop good living habits from the perspective of female fertility and cycle health:
- do not smoke
- Maintain a stable sleep, which can help form a stable menstrual cycle and better living ability
- Try to eat less high-calorie, low-nutrition food; eat more natural food
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Reporter: Zhang Pei
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