2023-11-19 08:00:00
In the past, cancer was considered a disease that mostly killed people, but with the development of science and technology and early screening, a significant number of cancer patients have survived. In particular, early-stage cancer has a high survival rate, with a cure rate of over 90% in some cases. Cancer survival rate is generally analyzed as a 5-year relative survival rate, which refers to the probability of cancer patients surviving for 5 years compared to the general population.
However, even following cancer treatment has been completed, cancer survivors become more vulnerable to disease and become easily fatigued. Because of this, it is easy to develop unhealthy lifestyle habits, so more continuous health care is needed. A recent study found that if physical activity decreases following cancer treatment, the risk of developing cardiovascular disease increases by up to 43%.
Research results show that not moving much following cancer treatment increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease | Source: Getty Image Bank
Cancer survival rate increased by 6.0% compared to 10 years ago… Cancer Survivors Beware of Cardiovascular Disease
According to national cancer registration statistics, the 5-year relative survival rate of cancer patients diagnosed in the past 5 years (2016-2020) is 71.5%, which means that 7 out of 10 cancer patients survive for more than 5 years. The 5-year survival rate has continued to increase since 1993, increasing by 6.0 percentage points compared to the survival rate (65.5%) of cancer patients diagnosed regarding 10 years ago (2006-2010). The 5-year survival rate by gender was higher in women (77.8%) than in men (65.5%), which means that women have higher survival rates in thyroid cancer (5-year survival rate 100%, incidence rate 18.5%) and breast cancer (5-year survival rate 93.8%, incidence rate 21.1%). ) is because the ratio is higher.
By cancer type, thyroid cancer (100%), prostate cancer (95.2%), and breast cancer (93.8%) showed high survival rates, followed by liver cancer (38.7%), lung cancer (36.8%), gallbladder and other biliary tract cancers (29%), and pancreatic cancer (29%). 15.2%) showed a relatively low survival rate.
According to several studies, cancer survivors are known to have a 2 to 9 times higher risk of cardiovascular disease than healthy adults, depending on the cancer site. This risk decreases over time but continues to increase five years or more following a cancer diagnosis. Reasons for an increased risk of cardiovascular disease include the use of chemotherapy, which has a direct toxic effect on the heart, the effects of cancer itself on the blood and vascular system, and obesity and dietary factors. Therefore, cardiovascular disease prevention strategies are of utmost importance for cancer survivors.
If you don’t move much, your risk of cardiovascular disease increases.
A team led by Professors Kim Hyeon-chang and Lee Ho-gyu from the Department of Preventive Medicine at Yonsei University College of Medicine investigated the risk of cardiovascular disease in cancer survivors according to changes in physical activity before and following cancer diagnosis. The subjects of the study were 150,433 adults diagnosed with cancer between 2011 and 2013 who were 3-year cancer survivors who underwent national health examinations within 2 years before and 3 years following diagnosis.
According to the evaluation of metabolic activity level (MET), which is an indicator of the intensity of physical activity, subjects were divided into an inactive group (0), an activity group below recommendations (1~599), and an activity group that met recommendations (above 600) to develop cardiovascular disease. We looked at the risk.
As a result, regardless of the amount of physical activity before cancer diagnosis, the greater the amount of physical activity following diagnosis, the lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. Even if there was no physical activity before diagnosis, the risk decreased by 19% and 20%, respectively, if activity was below or met recommendations following diagnosis. Conversely, if you maintained physical activity before a cancer diagnosis but stopped doing it following diagnosis, your risk of cardiovascular disease increased. If the patient was active at a level that fell below or met the recommendations before diagnosis and then became inactive following diagnosis, the risk increased by 24% and 43%, respectively.
Even when the cardiovascular risk according to the change in physical activity was continuously examined, the greater the increase in physical activity following the cancer diagnosis compared to before the cancer diagnosis, the greater the decrease in risk and the further increased the risk.
Professor Kim Hyeon-chang said, “This study is significant in that it is the first study in Korea to investigate the risk of cardiovascular disease according to changes in physical activity in cancer survivors, which was previously unknown,” and added, “It is best for cancer survivors to make continuous efforts to increase their activity level if possible, rather than reducing it. “He said.
The results of this study were published in the international academic journal ‘European Heart Journal.’
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