2023-06-23 13:51:00
Before a trip abroad, it is strongly advised to be up to date with your vaccination schedule, but also to be protected once morest the diseases circulating in the country of destination. Africa, Asia, South America… The list of mandatory and recommended vaccines by country.
Summary
To protect yourself once morest the serious illnesses that are rife in certain countries abroad, you must get vaccinated. Before leaving on a trip, it is therefore necessary to find out regarding the risk of disease in the country(ies) of your trip and whether there are any vaccinations to be done. It is important to be informed and prepared two to three months before his departure by making an appointment with their attending physician or at a vaccination center specializing in vaccinations for travellers. list and tips by Dr Patrice Bourée, infectious disease specialist at the Alfred Fournier Institute in Paris.
What vaccines are required when traveling?
Vaccination once morest yellow fever (or yellow fever vaccination) is mandatory for any stay, especially in tropical areas of Africa and South America. The yellow fever vaccine is the only one required under international health regulations (which links 196 countries in an effort to limit the spread of public health risks). Some African countries impose it as a condition of entry into their territory for all travelers (even if the traveler is only transiting through an airport). Countries that require an up-to-date yellow fever vaccination and where the disease is present are: Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Uganda, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Suriname, Chad, Togo, Venezuela and Zambia. Vaccination once morest yellow fever must be carried out at least 10 days before departure. If you get vaccinated once morest yellow fever, you will be given an international vaccination certificate. In some cases, a second dose is recommended.
Depending on the country visited (you can consult the diplomatie.gouv.fr website for information information by country) vaccinations once morest the following diseases may be required or strongly recommended:
The vaccines recommended in France may be even more necessary in other countries. For example, once morest diphtheria, which had disappeared in France but still circulates in certain countries of Eastern Europe or Asia, or once morest poliomyelitis of which epidemics are raging in certain African countries.
Japanese encephalitis (vaccination to practice for stays at risk or expatriation in certain countries of Asia or Oceania)
tick-borne encephalitis (for stays in rural or forested areas of Central, Eastern and Northern Europe, Northern Central Asia, Japan and China)
Typhoid fever (for any prolonged stay or in poor conditions in countries where hygiene is precarious). This vaccine is particularly recommended in the Indian subcontinent.
Invasive meningococcal infections (according to the news of the epidemic zones)
Hepatitis A (countries where hygiene is precarious, whatever the conditions of your stay)
Hepatitis B (frequent and prolonged stays in countries with high or medium prevalence of this virus)
Rage (prolonged or adventurous stay in isolation in high-risk areas: Africa, Asia, South America)
seasonal flu (strongly recommended for groups at risk: chronically ill, seniors taking part in a group trip or cruise)
What vaccines to take when going to Africa?
► Vaccination once morest Hepatitis A is systematically recommended with 1 injection 15 days before departure, booster 1 to 3 (5) years later (children, from the age of 1 year).
► Vaccination once morest yellow fever is mandatory, a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required upon entry to most countries in Africa for all travelers over the age of 9 months. Countries that require up-to-date yellow fever vaccination and where the disease is present are: Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Uganda, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Suriname, Chad, Togo, Venezuela and Zambia.
► Depending on the type of stay, vaccination once morest hepatitis B, rabies, typhoid must be performed.
► “To protect once morest malariait is recommended to sleep under a mosquito net and to take medication provided for this purpose“, specifies Professor Patrice Bourée.
What vaccines to do when you go to Thailand?
► The Hepatitis A vaccine is recommended with 1 injection 15 days before departure, booster 1 to 3 (5) years later (children, from the age of 1 year).
► Depending on the type of stay, it may be advisable to get vaccinated once morestJapanese encephalitis (only for people who go to very remote villages), hepatitis B, rabies, and typhoid.
What vaccines to take when going to India?
► Hepatitis A vaccine is systematically recommended with 1 injection 15 days before departure, booster 1 to 3 (5) years later, children: from the age of 1 year.
► Depending on the type of stay, it may be recommended to be vaccinated once morest hepatitis B, rabies and typhoid.
What vaccines to take when going to Viet Nam?
► Hepatitis A vaccine is systematically recommended with 1 injection 15 days before departure, booster 1 to 3 (5) years later, children: from the age of 1 year.
► Depending on the type of stay, Japanese encephalitis vaccinations (only for people who go to very remote villages), hepatitis B, rabies, and typhoid can be advised.
What vaccines to take when going to Japan?
► Hepatitis A vaccine is systematically recommended with 1 injection 15 days before departure, booster 1 to 3 (5) years later, children: from the age of 1 year.
► Depending on the type of stay, Japanese encephalitis vaccinations (only for people who go to very remote villages), hepatitis B, rabies, and typhoid can be advised.
What vaccines to take when going to South America?
► Hepatitis A vaccine is systematically recommended with 1 injection 15 days before departure, booster 1 to 3 (5) years later, children: from the age of 1 year.
► Depending on the terms of the stay, vaccination once morest yellow fever can be recommended with 1 injection to be made at least 10 days before departure, and from the age of 9 months.
► Vaccinations once morest hepatitis B, rabies and typhoid are also recommended in case of prolonged stay and situation of isolation.
► “In the Amazon area, it is advisable to take malaria medication and sleep under a mosquito net“, underlines the infectiologist.
What vaccines to take for a pilgrimage to Mecca?
► Vaccination once morest meningococcal meningitis is compulsory for people making the pilgrimage to Mecca.
► Hepatitis A vaccine is systematically recommended with 1 injection 15 days before departure, booster 1 to 3 (5) years later, children: from the age of 1 year.
► Depending on the terms of the stay, vaccinations once morest hepatitis B, rabies, typhoid can also be strongly recommended.
What vaccinations are required when going on a cruise?
“No vaccine is compulsory on a cruise, as long as you do not get off the boat (otherwise the vaccination rules issued beforehand apply depending on the country). But hepatitis A and typhoid are recommended”, emphasizes Dr. Patrice Bourée. For people working on boats or planes, no vaccine is compulsory but hepatitis A and typhoid are recommended.
What vaccinations should a pregnant woman who travels take?
“There are no contraindications. On the contrary, the pregnant woman is even more fragile so it is necessary to make the vaccines“, reassures the infectiologist.
Thanks to Dr Patrice Bourée, infectious disease specialist at the Alfred Fournier Institute in Paris.
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