2024-03-11 11:23:42
The sluggish global recovery, especially weak economic growth in Europe, has affected the Chinese economy. Although China’s export figures in the first two months of this year were ideal, with exports increasing by 7.1% in US dollar terms, there are still huge challenges ahead, and economic growth must be vigorously promoted to prevent stalling. One of the measures that has received relatively little attention from the outside world is the “replacement of old items with new items”.
At the economic-themed press conference of the National People’s Congress on March 6, Zheng Shajie, director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that the National Development and Reform Commission pushed relevant departments to formulate an “Action Plan for Promoting Large-Scale Equipment Updates and Trade-in of Consumer Goods”, focusing on the implementation of equipment updates and trade-in of consumer goods, which will Greatly promote the domestic demand market. Don’t underestimate the concept of trade-in, it actually spans infrastructure investment, manufacturing equipment upgrades, and trade-in of durable consumer goods, and involves a wide range of links.
Zheng Shanjie mentioned specifically at the press conference that the trade-in for old equipment will focus on implementing equipment update actions, focusing on seven fields including industry, agriculture, construction, transportation, education, cultural tourism, medical care, etc. In addition to replacing old equipment with new ones, It also promotes the upgrading and transformation of equipment in key industries around the directions of energy conservation and carbon reduction, digital transformation, and intelligent upgrading. In addition, it also promotes the updating and upgrading of education, cultural tourism, medical and other equipment, driving the production and application of more advanced equipment. Investment in this area mainly involves government expenditures and expenditures by state-owned enterprises.
I have a friend who makes railway-related parts. He said that the equipment update operation has been launched recently. For example, the design life of the parts he sells is 8 years. Now the government promotes replacement following 5 or 6 years. Although the old parts are scrapped before they expire, But using new parts can also improve efficiency and increase safety. This is the most substantial way to stimulate the economy.
In addition, the trade-in action for durable consumer goods will be carried out to trade-in durable consumer goods such as cars, home appliances, and home furnishings. For example, old cars that meet the mandatory scrap standards will be phased out in accordance with the law, consumers will be encouraged to trade in old home appliances for energy-saving ones, and strong support will be given to promoting aging-friendly equipment at home. This part of the renovation depends on government policies and even subsidies, because consumers may not voluntarily update their old home appliances early, and they may not be willing to invest in age-friendly renovations at home. However, if the government provides subsidies, it will greatly stimulate needs in this regard.
Don’t underestimate the trade-in, the economic scale it brings is quite large. China is a major manufacturing country, with the largest number of equipment in the world. At the end of last year, the assets of industrial enterprises above designated size exceeded 160 trillion yuan. With the advancement of new industrialization, the demand for advanced equipment has been growing. Last year, China’s industrial agriculture and other key areas The scale of investment in field equipment is approximately 4.9 trillion yuan. Zheng Shanjie pointed out that with the further advancement of high-quality development, the demand for equipment updates will continue to expand. It is initially estimated that it will be a huge market with an annual scale of more than 5 trillion yuan.
As for durable goods consumption, the number of civilian cars in China reached 336 million last year, and the number of major home appliances such as refrigerators, washing machines, and air conditioners exceeded 3 billion. Zheng Shanjie estimates that the upgrading of cars and home appliances can also create a trillion-dollar market. market space.
In fact, the country’s thinking is very clear. On the one hand, in order to develop high-quality productivity in the future, it can no longer rely on traditional labor-intensive manufacturing. But on the other hand, the country cannot rush the economy through investment, whether it is investing in new industries or Infrastructure construction should not be wasted blindly. For example, even if some third- and fourth-tier cities open high-speed rail, many people may not take it. Therefore, the country’s investment has now reached deep water areas and cannot be carried out quickly, otherwise it will create a bubble. Therefore, trading in old equipment for new ones is a better way to promote investment. It does not necessarily mean starting a new project, but it can be the renovation of old equipment, so that there are fewer wasted opportunities.
At the press conference, mainland reports mentioned that large-scale equipment updates can bring dividends of reform. Taking the field of machine tools as an example, Beijing Beiyi Machine Tool Company, a key state-owned enterprise in Beijing, pointed out that in recent years, users have become more interested in intelligent equipment. The demand for machine tools is getting higher and higher, mainly in terms of machine tool condition monitoring and life management. Beiyi Machine Tool has responded to customer needs. The company has added detection devices to the machine tool drive system, lubricating oil status, pumps, oil coolers and other parts. Through the development of intelligent Industrial software performs deviation analysis and predictive maintenance to improve the digital intelligence level of products. This equipment update drives their machine tool products into new markets.
Therefore, the mainland does not engage in flood irrigation and does not print large amounts of money to stimulate the short-term economy. This does not mean that it will not spend money to promote economic development. However, it must be used appropriately. Promoting large-scale trade-in of old for new is one of the key measures.
Lu Yongxiong
The text of the 23-article legislative draft was released. The basic content is similar to the consultation document. Different from previous rumors that there will be a spicy version, the final draft text can be said to be sparse in the middle and medium spicy.
There are a few things that have been discussed a lot outside:
1. Duration of detention. Suspects covered by Article 23 legislation can be detained by the police for up to 48 hours without being charged, just like the current situation for other crimes. However, those involved in the 23 legislative offenses can apply to the magistrate for an extension of detention for 7 days by a police officer at or above the Chief Superintendent’s level, and then extend it for another 7 days, including the initial 48 hours of detention, that is, the maximum detention period is 16 day. The charges involved in Article 23 are relatively serious crimes, and extended detention is subject to court review, so the new law is not too harsh.
It was originally rumored that the government had studied the UK’s house arrest system. The UK enacted a new version of the national security law in July last year. As long as the British Secretary of State “reasonably believes” that anyone may be involved in “threatening acts by foreign forces”, he can apply to the court for an arrest warrant and confine him or her. Anywhere within a 200-mile radius of your residence can last up to 5 years. When considering the issuance of a warrant under the Ordinance, the court does not need to notify the person to be arrested, go through a trial, or give the person an opportunity to defend himself. However, Hong Kong ultimately did not take the drastic step of five-year confinement.
Second, increase the prison term. Many of the crimes included in Article 23 legislation, such as treason, rebellion, seditious intent, etc., were originally included in the existing laws. However, some of the crimes, such as the crime of seditious intent, can be sentenced to 7 years in prison upon conviction, and collusion with foreign countries Or foreign forces can be sentenced to 10 years in prison. However, Article 10 of the current Crimes Ordinance stipulates that the first conviction of incitement can be punished with 2 years in prison. The new regulations have lengthened the prison term. Considering that seditious intent can involve inciting the overthrow of the government by violent means, the maximum sentence of seven years is not particularly harsh. What is really spicy is the American law.
The United States has the crime of seditious conspiracy, which stipulates that two or more people conspire to use force to overthrow the U.S. government, wage war, or use force to oppose the authority of the U.S. government. They are considered to have violated this law and can be sentenced to a maximum penalty of 20 years in prison. Year. In the 2021 U.S. Capitol Hill riot case, many members of the American right-wing group “Proud Boys” were sentenced to long-term imprisonment. Member Pezzola was sentenced to 10 years, and former leader Lehr was sentenced to 15 years. Leader Biggs was sentenced to 17 years in prison, former leader Nordin was sentenced to 18 years, and former leader Tarrio, who received the heaviest sentence, was sentenced to 22 years in prison. He was sentenced together with other crimes, so he was sentenced to 22 years. Long term. In contrast, the most serious crime of incitement in Hong Kong only carries a sentence of 7 years, so although the sentence is increased, it is still far more lenient than in the United States.
Third, defense. The government has absorbed public opinions and has clearly provided immunity defenses in many crimes. For example, taking reasonable measures following the crime has occurred can be a defense. For example, Section 25.2 of the crime of seditious intent clearly stipulates that a) the defense has sufficient It is a defense if the evidence raises an issue on the matter and b) the prosecution fails to prove the contrary beyond reasonable doubt. In terms of illegal disclosure and state secrets, there is also a clear public interest defense. It is stipulated in clause 29.1c of the draft that, taking into account the overall circumstances of the case, the public interest served by making the disclosure is obviously more important than not making the disclosure. The public interest served by the disclosure is a defense for legal disclosure.
Hong Kong’s Article 23 legislation contains many penalties that are lighter than those in the United States and the West.
In general, to protect national security, people’s freedom will inevitably be restricted. The question is where to draw the line and how to strike a balance. Looking at the 23 articles of legislation of the SAR government, it can be said that they are missing the mark. The regulations are less stringent than those of the British and American countries. Especially in the United States, the crime of treason can be punished by the death penalty, and the crime of inciting conspiracy can be punished by 20 years in prison. This makes people scratch their heads and think. It is unclear why the United States has any qualifications to oppose Hong Kong’s Article 23 legislation.
Lu Yongxiong
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