The statements of the high-ranking Chinese official brought to mind the story of the Warsaw Pact.. What is the nature of this alliance, its members, why was it established, and what are the reasons for its dismantling following 36 years as a difficult number in the military and political equation.
History of the alliance
In 1954, NATO voted to accept West Germany, which was allowed to rearm, as a member of the alliance, which prompted Moscow to respond by forming the “Warsaw Pact”, which included in its constituent members: the Soviet Union, East Germany, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, and Albania Which later withdrew in 1968, and in 1963, Mongolia sought to join the Warsaw Pact, but it obtained the status of “observer member” due to political pressure from China, which wanted to keep its northern neighbor in a neutral position.
The Warsaw Pact arose as a result of the treaty concluded between a group of countries; With the intention of creating an organization for mutual defense, as it was called (Warsaw Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance), and the direct reason for this treaty was contrary to the recognition of West Germany by Western countries, and its annexation to NATO in the Paris Agreement, and the desire of the Soviet Union to strengthen Soviet control over Its satellites, which are a program created by the two Soviet leaders (Nikita Khrushchev and Nikolai Bolkanin) in early 1955 AD. The treaty also stipulated that the agreement would be dissolved if a joint security agreement occurred between the East and the West. It is thus a means of strengthening the negotiating position of the Soviet Union in international diplomacy.
the Warsaw Pact was established; To preserve the Soviet Union as a main goal, in addition to defending member states once morest NATO, the alliance had a set of activities under the pretext of preserving member states, and the most important of these actions preserved by the historical records of the Warsaw Pact was the invasion of Czechoslovakia.
20 years following the establishment of the alliance, the treaty was renewed, as stipulated in one of the provisions of the agreement, in 1985 AD, but the alliance began to weaken, especially following the introduction of perestroika amendments by (Mikhail Gorbachev), which redefined Soviet relations in Eastern European countries. Which increased national aspirations in Eastern Europe, in addition to the decline in the economic situation, and the change of the political scene in 1987 AD; Where the Soviet Union tried to adapt to the situation; He made an amendment to the principle of the World Trade Organization; To emphasize its defensive nature, despite this, the alliance continued to collapse until Germany announced its unification, and this political shift was an irreparable breach, and on the first of July 1991 AD, it was announced at a last meeting of the alliance leaders in Prague that the alliance did not exist, and the forces were withdrawn. The Soviet Union is an independent country, and the Warsaw Pact countries have joined NATO, except for Soviet Russia.
On May 14, 1991, the “Warsaw Pact”, which terrified the European continent for 36 years, collapsed following the announcement by the highest Soviet military body that it had abandoned commanding the armies of Eastern European countries in Moscow’s orbit. The loss of the former Soviet Union’s control over its European allies following the end of the Cold War with the countries of the Western camp.
As for the most solid and persistent military alliance in our time, it is undisputed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which was established in April 1949, as a counterweight to the growing political and military power of the Soviet Union at the time, but some strategists expect NATO to have a similar fate to Warsaw.
