2024-03-11 17:50:01
Burgos, March 11 (EFE).- Research reveals that the microvessels and microchannels that connect the skull with the human brain are mainly distributed in the cranial vault and have a prominent role in the thermal regulation of the brain and its immune response, which makes them an example of interaction between anthropology and medicine.
The study, developed by the paleoneurologist from the National Center for Research on Human Evolution (CENIEH), in collaboration with Stanislava Eisová, from the National Museum in Prague, has been published in the journal Anatomical Record and is the first to investigate the quantity and distribution of these microscopic vessels, CENIEH has indicated in a press release.
It was suspected that these microvessels are involved in the thermal regulation of the brain, but recently it has been seen that they are also essential for the immune response of the brain, since they connect the brain with the bone marrow of the bones of the vault, which is where They produce defense and tissue repair cells.
“They increase from juvenile stages to maturity, but then their numbers seem to stabilize. Apparently, in addition, in the sample we have analyzed, women have more microvessels than men,” said Emiliano Bruner, who indicated that they are distributed mainly in the cranial vault.
In particular, they are located in spatial correspondence with fundamental vascular elements for cerebral drainage: the venous sinuses and the bridging veins. They are not very dense in the parietal bone, where however the large internal diploic canals of the bone are located, the researcher indicated.
“These small vessels constitute a new feature of interest in both paleoneurology and paleopathology, and provide another example of interaction between anthropology and medicine,” stated the paleoneurologist, who recalled that the microvessels and their microchannels (or microforamina) that join the internal space of the bones of the cranial vault with the brain have hardly been studied.
Bruner himself described these microforamina in 2017, in a parietal bone found in the Gran Dolina site in the Atapuerca system (Burgos), dated to 800,000 years ago. And more recently they have also been described in Neanderthal fossils, compared to the craniovascular features usually described, which usually correspond to large diameter vessels, such as the middle meningeal artery or venous sinuses.EFE
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