2023-11-05 22:41:00
Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs establishes special quarantine period from October to February next year
Lumpiskin disease, a type 1 livestock infectious disease… quarantine authorities emergency
△Secretary General Moon Baek-nyeon (Korea Food Engineers Association)
Winter is a season when various viruses are rampant and not only the flu but also livestock infectious diseases and zoonotic infectious diseases that spread between animals and people cause major problems. As temperatures drop once more this year, quarantine authorities are on alert.
In order to prevent the occurrence and spread of livestock infectious diseases, including highly pathogenic avian influenza (AI), which are highly likely to occur in the winter, the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs has set the period from October to February of next year as a special quarantine period for livestock infectious diseases and strengthened quarantine management. I’m going. Recently, quarantine authorities are on high alert due to lumpy skin disease, known as a type 1 livestock infectious disease. This infectious disease is an acute and chronic viral disease of cattle and buffalo, characterized by nodules and thinning of the skin, mucous membranes, and internal organs, lymphadenopathy, and skin edema.
Infectious diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans or from humans to animals are called ‘zoonotic diseases.’ People become infected when they ingest pathogens present in meat or milk, when they come into contact with infected animals or secretions, or through secondary contaminated food.
By type, there are direct zoonotic diseases such as rabies, circular diseases transmitted through pig tapeworms, metastatic diseases such as the Black Death, and transmitted through carcasses, water, soil, plants, food, and feed to vertebrates, including humans. It is classified as a contagious saprophytic zoonotic disease. Epidemiological classification includes viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic zoonotic diseases.
The types of zoonotic infectious diseases designated by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency are Class 1 infectious diseases such as anthrax, severe acute respiratory syndrome, and zoonotic influenza. Grade 2 is tuberculosis (only applicable to M. bovis), enterohemorrhagic E. coli infection, and grade 3 is Japanese encephalitis, brucellosis, rabies, variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (not applicable to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease), Q fever, and severe febrile thrombocytopenia syndrome. (SFTS), etc. This type of zoonotic infectious disease was notified in September 2020. In addition, the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is also a zoonotic infectious disease. In total, regarding 200 species are known, of which regarding 90 are considered important for public health.
First, it is important to prevent zoonotic infectious diseases from spreading among animals, so measures such as maintaining the health of livestock, disinfection, vaccination, and early detection of diseased animals, such as isolation or culling, must be quickly taken.
Second, treating diseased animals as food or importing and selling them should be prohibited. In addition, the same measures should be taken for milk or dairy products obtained from diseased animals. Therefore, thorough inspections must be conducted at slaughterhouses and milk processing plants, and the same level of quarantine measures is required for imported products.
In order to prevent and spread highly pathogenic avian influenza, the quarantine authorities are promoting triple biosecurity, including quarantine management for migratory birds, blocking inflow into farms, and preventing horizontal spread between farms. Differentiated quarantine management in proportion to the level of risk, and affiliated companies. and responsible quarantine of farms should be managed intensively in cooperation with the private sector. In addition, the risk level should be reviewed not only domestically but also in neighboring countries, and quarantine policies should be carefully inspected.
In order to prevent and block the spread of lumpy skin disease, it is important to carefully observe whole head counts every day during the insect activity period, and if suspicious symptoms are discovered, they must be reported to the nearest quarantine agency. Also, the most important things to do are removing puddles of water around the farm, regularly disposing of feces, controlling insects using traps, not reusing syringes, and managing a clean farm environment.
As the number of dogs and companion animals increases and people become closer to each other, the incidence and spread of zoonotic infectious diseases increases. Therefore, the public and private sectors must actively cooperate to make efforts and provide policy support to prevent and spread the disease.
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