2023-07-04 06:39:19
By: Eduardo Ramirez *
Through a constitutional reform to article 115, published in the Official Gazette of the Federation in 1947, women were included as voters and as candidates for municipal elections, on equal terms with men.
But, to achieve this conquest, several historical events and social movements had to occur.
Towards the end of the 19th century, between 1884 and 1887, the magazine Violetas del Anáhuac demanded the right to women’s suffrage. In this fight, women actively participated and highlighted their social and political presence. By 1910, the anti-reelection women’s club Las Hijas de Cuauhtémoc joined Log in his movement towards the Presidency and, shortly following, the First Feminist Congress was held, and one of the most important agreements was to demand the citizen vote for women. However, it was not successful.
On January 13, 1916, the first Feminist Congress was held, promoted by General Salvador Alvarado, governor of Yucatán, where the main demand was that women be granted the vote. However, it was not until the Permanent Constituent in 1917 that equality between men and women in the workplace was recognized, stating that “equal work corresponds to equal pay, regardless of gender.”
Later, in 1923, when the First National Feminist Congress was held, promoted by the Pan-American Women’s League, the voice was raised for women to obtain the right to be elected to administrative positions and to achieve political equality and parliamentary representation for that Social sector.
During the administration of Lazaro Cardenasthe Congress of the Union approved an initiative that granted the right to vote to women and to aspire to positions of popular election, but it would be the government of Miguel Germanin the year 1947, with the reform to article 115 of the Constitution, which gave women the right to vote in municipal elections.
One of the presidential campaign promises of Adolfo Ruiz Cortines was to grant the full right to women to vote in elections. And so it was that, once he was president, on October 17, 1953, the reforms to article 34 and the modifications to constitutional 115 were published in the DOF, where citizenship was granted to women and the right to vote and be voted for. in all elections, respectively.
In this way, on July 3, 1955, in the federal electoral process, it was when Mexican women made their vote effective for the first time for the election of the members that made up the XLIII Legislature of the Congress of the Union.
Thanks to women’s struggles, in the past 2021 elections, of the 15 governorships to be renewed, at least seven women were candidates and six occupied the Executive Power. Regarding the electoral results of the year 2022, women had to be registered as candidates in at least three federal entities of the six in dispute, resulting in two governors being elected. For the first time in the history of Mexico, eight women are governors due to the INE’s drive for parity.
Today, 68 years following that significant event in the country’s public life, we reiterate that women’s suffrage means recognition of equality in political participation.
* Senator of the Republic
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