2024-02-03 16:00:05
Lhe absence of a housing minister in the current government is pointed out by real estate professionals as a deficiency that must be filled as soon as possible, in order to provide solutions to the current real estate crisis which affects the housing issue. In fact, indicators show a drop in the number of homes delivered in 2023, a fall in transactions and an increase in unmet needs.
This is why real estate players, first and foremost developers, are calling on the State to increase public aid for the construction of new housing. Indeed, for a little over a century, housing policy in France has been managed by the State, omnipresent of course in social housing but also with private operators, in step with the real estate crises: creation of offices HBM public [habitations bon marché] in 1912, freezing of rents in 1919, “Courant plan” in 1953 intended to revive construction, development of real estate development through subsidized loans, policy of support for the construction of individual houses in the 1970s, etc.
In 1973, almost two thirds of housing production benefited from direct state aid. The end of the “thirty glorious years” marked the reorientation of this policy from “aid for the stone” (direct aid to builders) towards aid to the person (aid for the buyer and the tenant).
Notwithstanding, state aid is still substantial, both in the HLM sector and towards private players, particularly in favor of real estate investment. For more than thirty years, the Périssol, Besson, Robien, Scellier, Duflot and Pinel laws have supported the construction of new housing, mainly in the hands of private developers.
Thirty billion euros per year
Even today, the State devotes more than 30 billion euros per year to housing policy, managed by successive governments. This is real support for the construction sector, companies and developers alike. And put into perspective since 1953, we might conclude that the real estate development sector has always been supported by state aid. In fact, over the last twenty years, it is the tax advantages and the financing of social housing which have enabled these professionals to maintain a sustained activity despite the ups and downs of the market.
More than half of social housing is today built by developers, sold directly to social housing managers or managed through social rental usufruct. However, these means made available to developers by the State did not make it possible to avoid the current crisis. Should we strengthen construction aid? In the current context of public finances, it is unlikely that state aid will increase significantly. By eliminating the post of housing minister, is the government not sending a sign in this direction to professionals? So how can we get out of this crisis?
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