Although the Corona virus is approaching its third year, there are still some things related to it His injuries and deaths are somewhat mysterious. During the three years, Covid-19 claimed millions of lives and infected hundreds of millions, and so far, many questions remain that do not find satisfactory answers in our minds.
The Corona virus has killed more than 6.5 million patients, while more than 620 million people have been infected around the world, according to official statistics, while the real numbers may be much more than that.
In the latest developments, a research team from a medical school at Mount Sinai Hospital in Manhattan, USA, identified what they described as “the main immune cause of severe Covid-19 cases.”
In a study published in the latest issue of the journal Science Translational Medicine, Science Translational MedicineThe research team meticulously mapped the collapse scenario in severe cases of corona, which begins with the loss of immune cells called “macrophages” that normally live in the lung and regulate tissue repair, followed by the influx of new macrophage cells from the blood into the lung, causing inflammation.
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“Blocking the entry of these cells that cause inflammation and preventing the loss of resident macrophages in the lung may be a therapeutic strategy for treating the disease and other viral lung diseases,” the researchers say, in a report published on the official website of Mount Sinai Hospital.
During the study, blood and lung fluid samples were collected from healthy controls and 583 COVID-19 patients admitted to Mount Sinai Hospital. The researchers used serum proteins and immune cell phenotyping to compare the immune responses of the two groups and identify potential causes of disease severity that might predict which patients are most at risk and guide new treatment protocols.
The researchers found that the severity of COVID-19 was associated with a shift in the specialized functions of various groups of macrophages in the lung, and this may explain in part why older adults, who have fewer compensatory lung-resident macrophages, can produce more blood-derived inflammatory macrophages. They may be at risk of severe diseasesay the researchers.
The researchers emphasized that the study highlights the need to improve measurements of the immune system in patients.
“The clinically available immunological tests are very limited, which is unfortunate and must be treated, because understanding the composition of immune cells circulating in the blood, and the inflammatory molecules they produce, can be beneficial,” says Mariam Murad, chair of the Institute of Precision Immunology at Mount Sinai Hospital School of Medicine. It is very helpful in identifying new treatments for many different diseases.”
“Our study shows that immunophenotyping can help stratify patients according to their aetiology and identify therapeutic strategies tailored to those causes. In our investigation, a subset of patients would have greatly benefited from restoring lung-resident macrophages, The use of immunoprofiling studies in the clinic would have helped to conduct this intervention early, before disease progression.”
Researchers are now tracking the covid-19 cohort described in this study to compare overall immune profiling of patients who have long been infected with the virus with those who recover fully, in order to identify drivers and treatment strategies for prolonged coronavirus infection.
