The announcement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs comes following the positive opinion of the Central Archaeological Council on the architectural study for the restoration of the South Gate, the East Central Gate and the two Towers on either side of it, on the static study of the structural restoration of four critical points as well as the conservation proposal, restoration and preservation of the building material of the Ancient Fort of Phylis.
The Fortress of Athens of the 4th c.
The Fort of Phylis, part of the defense system of Athens in the 4th c. BC, is one of the best preserved fortresses of Parnitha. In addition to structural damage, morphological, functional and aesthetic problems are identified. Problems exacerbated by the 1999 and 2019 earthquakes, but also following the 2023 fire. Fixing work at the static critical points addressed in the study needs immediate restoration.
The object of the architectural study is the structural restoration of the South Gate, the Eastern central Gate and the two Towers on either side of it, the eastern rectangular Tower II and the northern cylindrical Tower III.
The necessary work can be divided into three categories:
a) general, preliminary and research,
b) structural rehabilitation, immediate rescue and with long-term effect,
c) special architectures.
The main objectives of the study are
a) not to alter the general character of the Fortress, as an ancient monument, which is subject to the wear and tear of time and historical events and as a historical ensemble, harmonized with the natural environment
b) that there is absolute safety for persons, as well as for the monument itself
c) to have the possibility to visit the Fortress
d) to carry out the restoration of the structural parts of the Fortress in a way that serves the correct reading of the entire monument.
The main structural damages, as described in the approved study of immediate restoration measures, are the total or local collapse, the loss of structural mass, the growth of vegetation.
The most obvious problem is the collapse of parts of the wall and towers causing instability or instability. It is proposed to immediately temporarily underpin and support parts of the Fort ready to collapse with small-scale, local interventions of temporary fixing at the critical points of the Fort following the removal of unwanted vegetation and especially large trees.
Among the proposed works are the immediate fixing of critical sections of the foundation rock, immediate restoration of losses of existing Tower II anchorage installed following the 1999 earthquake, long-term strength restoration works of Tower II, restoration of the deformed entrance gate and stone steps on the west side of.
After the restoration is complete, it is recommended to completely remove the existing temporary fixation device. Restorative works are proposed on the Main East Gate EA and on the South Gate EN and restoration of existing stones to their original positions. As for the South EN Gate, structural reinforcement of the foundation rock is also planned. In the long-term measures, the possibility of restoring existing stones is considered. As for Tower III, it is proposed to definitively remove the deformations, restore it and restore the existing stones to their original positions, with fixing and extensive restoration of the relevant architectural members.
The small-sized Ancient Fort of Phylis is located at the southwestern end of Mount Parnitha, regarding 10 km northwest of the modern settlement of Phylis. It was built in the 4th century. e.g. and was used once morest the Macedonians. It is located at an altitude of 675 m, has an area of 3.5 acres and an enclosure of 300 m. It included a wall, gates and four towers, one of which was circular, while the others were rectangular. Today, remains of a part of the fortification, regarding 300 meters long, are preserved. The monument has been severely damaged by earthquakes, especially in 1999 which caused the collapse of the main gate, the circular tower, the cracking of the eastern Tower, while its condition worsened in the 2019 earthquake. The Ancient Fort of the Tribe crowns the eastern side of the hill , while the western one is steep, naturally fortified, and unwalled.
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