Studies have shown that sugar can alter the microbiome in the body and reduce protection against diabetes. (Picture taken from freepik)
[Health Channel/Comprehensive Report]High-sugar diets often lead to metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, according to “Science Daily” (Science daily) reported that sugar alters the microbiome, destroys filamentous bacteria and reduces protection of metabolism in the body. Ivanov, associate professor of microbiology and immunology at Columbia University in the United States, and colleagues studied the effect of diet on the microbiome of mice and found that the microbiome changes Th17 cells that can prevent metabolic diseases. Research published incell(cell) magazine.
Ivanov’s team observed dramatic changes in the microbiomes of mice after a 4-week diet, with segmented filamentous bacteria (commonly found in the gut microbiomes of rodents, fish, and chickens) declining dramatically, while others The number of bacteria is increasing. The researchers found that the reduction of filamentous bacteria reduced the number of Th17 cells in the gut, and further experiments showed that Th17 cells can prevent metabolic disease, diabetes and weight gain.
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Molecules produced by Th17 cells can slow the intestinal absorption of “bad” lipids, reducing intestinal inflammation. That means Th17 cells keep the gut healthy and protect the body from absorbing pathogenic lipids, Ivanov said.
sugar and fat
A high-fat, high-sugar diet, which caused the changes in the body, Ivanov’s team found that sugar was the culprit because sugar eliminated the filamentous bacteria and made the protective Th17 cells disappear. Ivanov said that when they fed mice a sugar-free, high-fat diet, they found that even though they ate the same number of calories, they retained Th17 cells in the gut and were completely protected from obesity and prediabetes. Impact.
But eliminating sugar didn’t help all mice, and in those animals that lacked any filamentous bacteria to begin with, eliminating sugar had no beneficial effect. This suggests that some dietary interventions, such as minimizing sugar, may only be effective in people whose microbiomes contain certain bacterial populations, Ivanov said.
Although humans don’t have the same filamentous bacteria as mice, Ivanov thinks other bacteria in humans may have the same protective effect. The microbiota is important, but the real protection comes from Th17 cells, Ivanov said. The microbiota provides protection to mice with Th17 cells, and it may also have therapeutic effects in humans.
Research highlights the complex interplay between diet, the microbiome and the immune system, which is important in the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and other diseases, Ivanov said. This suggests that in order to be healthy, it’s not just about changing your diet, but also improving your microbiome or gut immune system.
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