2024-01-15 18:03:11
Jonghyun Jeon, design and architecture journalist
Now, our country has an agency dedicated to space advancement missions like the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Last September, a bill to establish the Aerospace Administration passed the National Assembly, and we plan to operate a temporary office starting in May. The goal is to land on the moon in 2032 and explore Mars in 2045.
NASA is well known as the birthplace of the Apollo Program, which led to the first human landing on the moon in 1969. In fact, it was an organization that was hastily established by the U.S. government in 1958 out of urgency. The Soviet Union, a rival during the Cold War, shocked American society by launching humanity’s first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, into Earth’s orbit in 1957. At this time, the United States also established NASA to compete with the Soviet Union in advancing into space.
The Soviet Union also successfully launched Vostok 1, the spacecraft that carried humanity’s first astronauts in 1961. Not to be outdone, the United States achieved the world’s first manned lunar landing with Apollo 11 in 1969. Thanks to this, the attention of people around the world turned to space. This is the beginning of the ‘Space Age’.
Fashion models wearing clothes released by French designer André Courrèges in 1964. It is said that the design was inspired by the spacesuits of the time. /The Fashion Book
The first field to respond to so-called ‘space age design’ was fashion. Andre Courrèges, Paco Rabanne, Pierre Cardin, etc. presented unconventional designs using unusual elements that were not used in high-end clothing at the time in the 1960s. Courrèges was inspired by astronauts’ clothing and presented a design combining white and metallic colors. Accessories are also made from unfamiliar materials such as metal, plastic, and PVC (polyvinyl chloride). Laban made a metal dress by weaving aluminum pieces together. I actively used silver, reflective effects, and plastic while designing costumes for space age female warriors in science fiction movies. Cardin is famous for his fashion designs that reveal only the face in a round hat, like an astronaut helmet.
Space age design swept through furniture and lighting as well. Wood, which does not exist in space, was excluded. Instead, we actively used plastic, a new industrial material. In addition, the surface texture was designed to be smooth while presenting an innovative shape using only curves without straight lines.
A representative example is the ‘Ball Chair’, a chair released by Finland’s Eero Arnio in 1963. It looks like a ball made of reinforced plastic and the cross section cut diagonally. Inside, there was a soft space where you could sit. It became very popular because it gave the feeling of sitting in the cockpit of a spaceship or on the moon.
The lighting ‘Eclyse’ is also unrivaled. It was designed by Italian Vico Magistretti in 1967. By inserting a light source into a round frame and turning the direction control panel inside, the user can adjust the amount of light as desired. The process of turning it until no light comes out is reminiscent of a total solar eclipse scene.
Space age design fell out of public focus after the 1970s as the space race between the United States and the Soviet Union waned. However, the design at that time is still talked about as the prototype of future-oriented design.
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