2023-09-06 22:25:48
Under Thursday, September 7, the book of history records, among other things:
1303: On behalf of the French crown, Grand Privy Seal Guillaume de Nogaret captures Pope Boniface VIII in Anagni. The fall in authority of the papacy caused by this led to the relocation of the residence of the Catholic Church leader from Rome to Avignon in 1309. (In his bull Unam Sanctam of November 18, 1302, Boniface proclaimed that the pope was entitled to the “plenitudo potestatis”; only God might judge him).
1848: The Austrian Reichstag abolishes rural subservience (serfdom).
1913: At a meeting in Bad Salzbrunn on the occasion of the German Kaiser maneuvers, the German Kaiser Wilhelm II, the Austrian Chief of Staff Franz Graf Conrad von Hötzendorf and the Italian General Alberto Pollio reaffirmed the Triple Alliance concluded between their states on May 20, 1882.
1978: Martial law is imposed on Tehran and other Iranian cities following anti-Shah demonstrations.
1993: Six of the eleven CIS countries – Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Armenia – sign an agreement in principle on the creation of a new ruble zone.
2003: US President George W. Bush admits for the first time that American troops and their allies have major problems in Iraq.
2008: With a political bang, the head of the German Social Democrats (SPD), Kurt Beck, handed over the leadership of the party to Foreign Ministers Frank-Walter Steinmeier and Franz Müntefering.
2008: The Austrian German and literary scholar Wendelin Schmidt-Dengler died unexpectedly at the age of 66 as a result of an operation of a pulmonary embolism. The head of the institute for German Studies at the University of Vienna and head of the literary archive of the Austrian National Library was regarded as the Austrian literary pope.
Birthday: Queen Elizabeth I of England (1533-1603); Henry Morton Robinson, US writer (1898-1961); Michael Ellis de Bakey, US surgeon; implanted the first artificial heart in 1966 (1908-2008); Peter Lawford, US actor (1923-1984); Lena Valaitis, German singer (1943); Gloria Gaynor, US singer (according to other sources 1949) (1943).
days of death: André Suarès, French writer (1868-1948); Hans Munch, Switzerland. conductor (1893-1983); Lucio Fontana, Italian painter (1899-1968); Erik G. Wickenburg, former President of the Austrian PEN Clubs (1903-1998); Wendelin Schmidt-Dengler, Austria Germanist (1942-2008); Warren Zevon, US songwriter/musician (1947-2003).
name days: Otto, Regina, Ralph, Stephen, Hildeward, Judith, John, Mark, Melchior, Dietrich, Columba.
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