2024-09-19 22:48:20
Under Friday, September 20, the book of history records, among other things:
1519: The Portuguese Magellan (Fernão de Magalhães), in Spanish service since 1517, sets off with five ships from the port of San Lucar on a voyage around the southern tip of the American continent in search of a western passage to India. One of his ships manages to return from the Philippines, thus completing the first circumnavigation of the world.
1819: The Bundestag of the German Confederation in Frankfurt approves the “Karlsbad Decrees” to suppress national and liberal movements.
1884: After four years of construction, the Arlberg Railway between Innsbruck and Bludenz is officially opened by Emperor Franz Joseph I.
1904: The Wright brothers succeeded in completing the first sightseeing flight with the “Flyer 2” flying machine.
1914: When the city of Reims was bombarded by the Germans, the cathedral – the coronation church of the French kings – was badly damaged.
1939: In Poland, resistance to German troops is only offered in Warsaw, Modlin and on Hel. Soviet troops occupy Grodno, Kovel and Lviv. The “demarcation line” in Poland is established between the German and Soviet governments.
1944: After King Leopold III was deported to Germany, the Belgian Parliament transferred the regency to the monarch’s brother, Prince Charles.
1944: In Lorraine, Lunéville has to be abandoned by the German troops.
1954: The new constitution of the People’s Republic, adopted by the Chinese People’s Congress, comes into force. Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung) is confirmed in his position as head of state.
1969: The first nuclear fusion using a laser beam is achieved in Limeil near Paris.
1974: In Hamburg, Germany’s highest road bridge, the Köhlbrand Bridge, is inaugurated by Federal President Walter Scheel.
1974: In Mozambique, the liberation movement FRELIMO forms a transitional government.
1979: Emperor Jean-Bédel Bokassa of Central Africa is overthrown with French help.
1984: A bomb attack on an annex to the US embassy in Beirut leaves 23 dead and 60 injured.
1999: Raisa Gorbacheva, wife of the last Soviet president, dies of leukemia.
1999: An international peacekeeping force under Australian command lands in East Timor to put an end to the killings by pro-Indonesian militias.
Birthdays: Kenneth More, British actor (1914-1982); Dagmar Altrichter, German actress (1924-2010); Hans von Borsody, German-Austrian actor (1929-2013); Vittorio Taviani, Italian film director (1929-2018); Kurt Kren, Austrian filmmaker (1929-1998); Sophia Loren, Italian film actress (1934); Sabine Azéma, French actress (1949).
Deaths: Adolf Bäuerle, (actually Johann Andreas B.), Austrian writer and journalist; 1806 founder of the “Wiener Theaterzeitung” (1786-1859); Heinrich Hoffmann, German psychiatrist; writer (“Der Struwwelpeter”) (1809-1894); Ludvík Svoboda, Czechoslovakian politician (1895-1979); Willy Millowitsch, German folk actor, singer and theater director (1909-1999); Brian Clough, English football coach (1935-2004).
Name days: Fausta, Eustachius, Friederike, Candida, Susanne, Philippine, Traugott, Pomposa.
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