There is a lot of solar panels in Pakistan at the moment. According to a Bloomberg NEF report, 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. According to one project developer, importing such a large number of solar panels resulted in solar panels being “seen on the roads.” In 2023, Pakistan will have a demand for solar panels of about 3.5 GW, and in early 2024, Pakistan will be the target for Chinese solar exports. became the third largest market.
Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, said that in 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a shortage of dollars, leading to a trade deficit and an informal ban on imports. Only essential goods such as medicine and food could be imported, which meant that distributors were unable to bring in solar panels for nearly nine months.
Despite these restrictions, some solar panels were imported. Generally, a letter of credit (LC) is required from the importer’s bank to import goods. However during the foreign exchange crisis in 2022, issuance of LCs was limited. This situation provided an opportunity for the big players in the market to take advantage.
Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions said that the direct cost of importing the panels was $0.15 per watt while they were being sold at $0.30 per watt in the local market, a 100 percent profit in the trading business. Seeing the profit rate, everyone started ordering solar panels. Companies that were also exporting rice ventured into this business. For example, they exported rice and now they could bring their dollars back from other countries and suddenly the distribution of solar panels increased significantly.
Mohammad Mujahid said that selling solar panels was not a problem and no experience was necessary, meaning that it was not difficult for you to amortize solar panels from grade A manufacturing companies and sell them in the local market. .
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How do the profit margins in solar panel sales impact investment in renewable energy in Pakistan?
**Interview with Muhammad Mujahid & Hussain Khan on Pakistan’s Solar Energy Boom**
**Editor:** Good day, everyone. Today, we have the pleasure of speaking with Muhammad Mujahid, Executive Director of Innovo Corp, and Hussain Khan, representative from Wateen Energy Solutions. Thank you both for joining us.
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having us.
**Hussain Khan:** It’s great to be here.
**Editor:** Let’s start with you, Muhammad. According to the Bloomberg NEF report, Pakistan has imported a significant amount of solar panels recently. Can you shed some light on the current situation?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Absolutely. In the first half of 2024 alone, Pakistan imported 13 GW of solar panels from China. This surge means that solar panels are now quite literally visible everywhere—on roads, in homes, and businesses. We’ve seen a demand of about 3.5 GW for 2023, so the influx is both timely and crucial for our energy landscape.
**Editor:** That’s a remarkable increase. However, you mentioned a shortage of dollars faced by Pakistan’s central bank in 2022. How did that impact solar panel imports?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Correct. In 2022, the dollar shortage led to a trade deficit where only essential goods could be imported. This caused a near halt in solar panel imports for almost nine months. While some solar panels still made it in, many distributors were left stranded. It became difficult to secure the necessary letters of credit from banks, particularly during the foreign exchange crisis.
**Editor:** Hussain, you talked about the profit margins associated with this sudden boom. Can you elaborate on that?
**Hussain Khan:** Certainly. The direct cost of importing solar panels was around $0.15 per watt, and they were being sold locally at $0.30 per watt. That’s a 100% profit margin, which attracted many players, including those who weren’t originally in this space, like rice exporters. Everyone saw the opportunity and started ordering panels.
**Editor:** However, it seems things have taken a downturn in the market. Muhammad, you mentioned that profit rates have dropped significantly in 2024. What caused that?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Yes, with such an influx of solar panels, we’re now seeing prices decline, and in some cases, panels are being sold at a loss. I didn’t expect a rapid market exit; I thought it would take longer for the capitalists who profited enormously from this business to leave.
**Editor:** Hussain, with the quick changes in the market, how are companies planning for the future?
**Hussain Khan:** Many companies, including Wateen Energy Solutions, are optimistic. We’ve installed 30 MW of solar panels in the past 18 months and plan for about 50 MW in 2025. Investing in solar is still a straightforward choice; ROI typically comes within 18 months to two years, making it a viable option even with fluctuating net metering returns.
**Editor:** Haniya, as an energy finance specialist at IEEFA, what’s your perspective on this rapid growth?
**Haniya Asad:** It’s a double-edged sword. The rapid expansion presents great opportunities for energy transition but also highlights vulnerabilities in pricing and market saturation. Factors such as electricity price hikes due to devaluation and demand fluctuations further complicate the scenario.
**Editor:** Thank you, Muhammad and Hussain, for your insights, and Haniya for your expertise. It seems that while the solar market in Pakistan is booming, it also faces challenges that need to be addressed.
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having us.
**Hussain Khan:** Yes, thank you—it’s been a pleasure.
**Editor:** And to our listeners, stay tuned for more updates on Pakistan’s renewable energy developments!