There is a lot of solar panels in Pakistan at the moment. According to a Bloomberg NEF report, 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. According to one project developer, importing such a large number of solar panels resulted in solar panels being “seen on the roads.” In 2023, the demand for solar panels in Pakistan is about 3.5 GW, and in early 2024, Pakistan will be the target for Chinese solar exports. became the third largest market.
Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, said that in 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a shortage of dollars, leading to a trade deficit and an informal ban on imports. Only essential goods such as medicine and food could be imported, which meant that distributors were unable to bring in solar panels for nearly nine months.
Despite these restrictions, some solar panels were imported. Generally, a letter of credit (LC) is required from the importer’s bank to import goods. However during the foreign exchange crisis in 2022, issuance of LCs was limited. This situation provided an opportunity for the big players in the market to take advantage.
Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions said that the direct cost of importing the panels was $0.15 per watt while they were being sold at $0.30 per watt in the local market, a 100 percent profit in the trading business. Seeing the profit rate, everyone started ordering solar panels. Companies that were also exporting rice ventured into this business. For example, they exported rice and now they could bring their dollars back from other countries and suddenly the distribution of solar panels increased significantly.
Mohammad Mujahid said that selling solar panels was not a problem and no experience was necessary, meaning that it was not difficult for you to amortize solar panels from grade A manufacturing companies and sell them in the local market. .
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What innovative financial strategies are being considered to support the growth of solar energy in Pakistan?
**Interview: The Surge of Solar Energy in Pakistan**
*Editor: Today, we have Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, and Hussain Khan from Wateen Energy Solutions in the studio to discuss the growth of solar energy in Pakistan and the recent influx of solar panel imports from China. Thank you both for joining us!*
**Editor:** Muhammad, let’s start with you. The Bloomberg NEF report shows that Pakistan imported a staggering 13 GW of solar panels in the first half of 2024. What do you think has driven this rapid increase in solar panel imports?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having us. The primary driver has been the high demand for solar energy in Pakistan, especially since we faced a substantial trade deficit and a dollar shortage in 2022. With restrictions in place on importing non-essential goods, the market saw an unusual spike in demand once imports resumed which led to conditions where panels were “seen on the roads.” The commercial potential is undeniable, with investors eager to capitalize on this booming market.
**Editor:** Hussain, you mentioned that despite challenges in 2022, many companies found a way into the solar panel market. Can you explain how some traders transitioned from other sectors, like rice exporting, into solar panels?
**Hussain Khan:** Certainly! With so much potential for profit—importing panels at $0.15 per watt and selling them at $0.30 locally—other businesses quickly pivoted to this lucrative area. Companies with existing dollar earnings from rice exports seized the opportunity to invest in solar panels, and this contributed significantly to the surge in supply.
**Editor:** That’s an interesting shift! Muhammad, given the oversupply and reduced profit margins we’re seeing now in 2024, how sustainable do you think this growth is?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** While 2024 has seen a decline in profit margins due to oversaturation—leading some panels to sell at a loss—I didn’t expect the exit from the market to be as rapid as it has been. Investors typically expect returns within 18-24 months, and many still see solar as a long-term investment despite these current fluctuations.
**Editor:** Hussain, you’ve spoken about the straightforward nature of solar investments. How do you think the rising electricity prices in Pakistan will affect future investment in solar energy?
**Hussain Khan:** The rising electricity prices, driven by numerous factors including currency devaluation and inefficient governance, make solar energy a compelling choice. Even if net metering becomes less beneficial, solar systems allow consumers to hedge against these rising costs, making them an attractive investment in the long run.
**Editor:** It seems there’s potential for continued investment in this sector despite current challenges. Haniya Asad from IEEFA pointed out the necessity for innovative financial strategies to support solar growth. Muhammad, what role do you think finance will play moving forward?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Financial innovation will be crucial. We need strong mechanisms for investment and financing to foster stability and resilience in the sector. Policies supporting sustainable energy finance can encourage more participants to enter the market and combat volatility.
**Editor:** Thank you both for your insights! It’s clear that while the solar market faces challenges, there is still immense potential for growth and innovation in Pakistan’s energy landscape.