There is a lot of solar panels in Pakistan at the moment. According to a Bloomberg NEF report, 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. According to one project developer, importing such a large number of solar panels resulted in solar panels being “seen on the roads.” In 2023, the demand for solar panels in Pakistan is about 3.5 GW, and in early 2024, Pakistan will be the target for Chinese solar exports. became the third largest market.
Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, said that in 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a shortage of dollars, leading to a trade deficit and an informal ban on imports. Only essential goods such as medicine and food could be imported, which meant that distributors were unable to bring in solar panels for nearly nine months.
Despite these restrictions, some solar panels were imported. Generally, a letter of credit (LC) is required from the importer’s bank to import goods. However during the foreign exchange crisis in 2022, issuance of LCs was limited. This situation provided an opportunity for the big players in the market to take advantage.
Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions said that the direct cost of importing the panels was $0.15 per watt while they were being sold at $0.30 per watt in the local market, a 100 percent profit in the trading business. Seeing the profit rate, everyone started ordering solar panels. Companies that were also exporting rice ventured into this business. For example, they exported rice and now they could bring their dollars back from other countries and suddenly the distribution of solar panels increased significantly.
Mohammad Mujahid said that selling solar panels was not a problem and no experience was necessary, meaning that it was not difficult for you to amortize solar panels from grade A manufacturing companies and sell them in the local market. .
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What challenges did Innovo Corp face in the solar panel import process during the foreign exchange crisis of 2022?
**Interview with Muhammad Mujahid, Executive Director of Innovo Corp**
**Editor:** Thank you for joining us today, Muhammad. The recent surge in solar panel imports to Pakistan is quite remarkable. Can you shed some light on the factors that led to the import of 13 GW of solar panels from China in the first half of 2024?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having me. The primary factor driving this surge is the significant demand for solar energy in Pakistan. Despite a complicated trading environment in 2022, where we faced a foreign exchange crisis, the growth in solar panel adoption accelerated quickly. By early 2024, we became the third largest market for Chinese solar exports, signaling a shift towards renewable energy.
**Editor:** Indeed, the trade restrictions in 2022 must have posed challenges. How did that impact your industry and the ability to import solar panels?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** It was a tough time; banks were not issuing letters of credit for non-essential imports, and solar panels fell into that category. However, larger players in the market found ways to navigate the situation. Some companies, like those exporting rice, diversified into solar panels to utilize their foreign currency earnings. This flexibility allowed for a significant increase in solar panel imports despite the restrictions.
**Editor:** That’s an interesting pivot. With the local market prices reportedly hitting $0.30 per watt—and a profit margin of 100%—what led to such a competitive pricing landscape?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** After overcoming the restrictions, many businesses rushed to order solar panels, eager to capitalize on the apparent profit opportunity. However, the sudden influx of panels in 2024 has led to a market saturation, resulting in declining prices and, in some cases, losses for companies selling them. It was unexpected how rapidly the dynamics of the market shifted.
**Editor:** Given that investment in solar energy has been robust, particularly from commercial and industrial sectors, do you foresee this trend continuing despite the recent market fluctuations?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Absolutely. The long-term outlook for solar energy in Pakistan remains bright. As electricity prices continue to rise, solar power will remain an attractive investment, enabling faster returns on investments—often within two years. Companies are not backing down; in fact, the installed capacity continues to grow.
**Editor:** That’s encouraging news. With electricity prices on the rise due to various systemic issues, how do you see solar energy integrating into Pakistan’s overall energy strategy moving forward?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Solar energy plays a critical role in ensuring energy security and sustainability. Even with potential changes in how net metering operates, renewable energy sources like solar will be vital to mitigating the impact of rising energy costs, enhancing supply stability, and ultimately addressing the broader issues impacting the electricity sector in Pakistan.
**Editor:** Thank you for sharing your insights, Muhammad. It’s clear that while challenges exist, the path towards a solar-powered future in Pakistan is encouraging.
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having me. I’m optimistic about the potential of solar energy to transform Pakistan’s energy landscape.