2024-07-05 08:44:40
bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major problem for human and equine health. In humans, certain strains are Resistance to multiple antibiotics, including final treatment. Other strains are Super toxic : They multiply rapidly and can cause potentially fatal symptoms such as pneumonia. In horses, this bacterium is responsible for miscarriage and death. For some breeds, they must be monitored to avoid sexual transmission.
This bacterium is the subject of a scientific article Frontiers in Microbiology At the beginning of this year, thanks to a collaboration between the Physiological Pathology and Epidemiology Unit of Equine Diseases of the Anses Animal Health Laboratory (Normandy site), the Dynamicure Mixed Research Unit and the University Hospital of Caen.
The purpose is to analyze the antibiotic resistance of strains Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from horses, these strains have genes in their genome that favor greater virulence. One of the questions is Find out if horses carry strains related to humans.
ANSES maintains a collection of strains isolated from equine necropsies since 1996. Klebsiella pneumoniae The study considered the results of this collection regardless of the animal’s cause of death. Strains isolated from Labéo laboratory screening samples or confirmation of infection are also included.
A group of bacteria unique to equines
« The CHU team was surprised strain diversity present in equine samples compared to that typically present in humans. 83 distinct groups were found among the 119 strains analyzed. Although some can also be found in humans, Most are unique to equids. », explains Sandrine Petry, Head of the Bacteriology Team in the Equine Disease Physiology Pathology and Epidemiology Unit at ANSES. This observation suggests that there is little bacterial transmission between horses and humans.
Resistance to 35 antibiotics used in human or veterinary medicine was tested. 39% of strains Klebsiella pneumoniae Resistant There are at least three antibiotic families (multi-drug resistance). This proportion increases over time: if 18.8% of strains obtained in autopsies performed between 1996 and 2007 were resistant, between 2008 and 2020 this proportion reached 39.1%. is a result of increased antibiotic use in horses.
New strains of bacteria to be wary of
Representatives of highly virulent strains 9% of strains analyzed. Half of these strains were also multidrug-resistant. Certain strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae secrete a capsule that protects them from the immune system. Therefore, they are often considered more virulent than other viruses. “ Sandrine Petry explains that only three encapsulated strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae are thought to be transmitted through horses and require mandatory surveillance in some horse breeds. However, the findings indicate that highly virulent and/or multidrug-resistant strains of K. pneumoniae are not limited to these three capsule types. ”. Therefore, surveillance should be expanded to these bacteria by improving current detection tools, which only consider three capsule types and do not have high virulence marker genes.
This study examines bacteria primarily from horses in Normandy and provides a preliminary overview of the bacteria. Klebsiella pneumoniae affects equines, but this work should be expanded to provide a more complete understanding of the situation.
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