Diabetes can be divided into four types:
1. Type 1 diabetes Found less regarding 5-10% of people with diabetes. Mostly found in children and adolescents over 6 months of age caused by pancreatic abnormalities since childhood. inability to produce insulin or produce less Because the cells that are responsible for producing insulin or the pancreas are destroyed.
treatment By injecting insulin, diet and exercise.
2. Type 2 diabetes It is often found in older adults. But now it has begun to be found in children gradually, by the adolescence, it has already begun. Type 2 diabetes is the most common, regarding 90-95% of people with diabetes.
The cause of type 2 diabetes is that the body can produce insulin. But the body is unable to respond to that insulin, that is, the insulin is less effective. This type of diabetes was found to be more common in children. because more children are found to be obese when the body has too much fat It will result in less quality insulin as well.
treatment By taking medication, injecting insulin, or taking both pills and injections together. Considered depending on the symptoms and severity of the disease at that time, including the need to control diet and exercise.
3. Gestational diabetes Because while pregnant, the hormones in the body will change a lot. which contains hormones from the placenta to resist insulin makes the body less responsive to insulin Insulin becomes less effective inability to produce enough insulin As a result, you even have gestational diabetes.
Normally, following giving birth to the baby, it will disappear. But it will increase your risk of developing diabetes in the future.
treatment control diet to keep sugar levels within normal limits If you control your diet fetus not growing Not gaining weight must inject insulin so that the mother has enough food to be sent to the growing fetus
4. Other types of diabetes such as having a genetic disorder Had pancreatic surgery removed. pancreatic cancer The pancreas produces less insulin.
hormonal abnormalities or taking certain drugs that increase sugar levels, such as cancer patients during chemotherapy Sugar may be unusually high.
treatment Diet control, medication or insulin injections and exercise
Frequent urination, especially at night Rapid weight loss within 1 month, often thirsty, blurry vision, indicating that the sugar has gone to the eyes. hand to toe numbness Shows that the sugar has gone to the hand. a wound that heals slowly due to numbness of the hands and feet so as not to feel pain when the wound occurs
dangers and complications
If hypoglycemia is less than 70 mg/dL There will be a lot of sweating, trembling, cold, heart palpitations, very hungry, headache, faint. If the symptoms are severe, it may be shock.
If the blood sugar is higher than 200 mg / deciliter, if it is too high, for example, more than 400 mg / deciliter Symptoms are similar to hypoglycaemia. and have symptoms of thirst Frequent urination at night, fatigue, tiredness, weight loss, lethargy. If the sugar level is very high, it will lead to unconsciousness. And rushed to the hospital as well
People with diabetes should have a sugar punch. to check the amount of sugar in the blood Because if it’s been a long time There are often complications of all 5 T. as follows:
constricted is a rupture of a cerebrovascular artery or heart attack.
break is that the cerebrovascular ruptured blood vessels Because the blood sugar level is very high from diabetes. As a result, the blood vessels in the body become inflamed. more erection Including the presence of fat in the blood vessels It will make the blood vessels smaller, constrict and break more easily.
eye diabetic retinopathy When the sugar level is steadily higher, it enters the eyes. causing the lens of the eye to be filled with sugar causing glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration and if the blood sugar level is very high will dazzle
kidney Diabetes to the kidneys. The kidneys filter nutrients in the blood. If the blood sugar level is very high, it will result in the kidneys filtering less waste. Kidneys will have a chance to deteriorate faster. If diabetes is poorly controlled
foot Diabetic people with foot ulcers It may lose organs. Due to the numbness of the hands and feet, when there is a wound, it will not feel pain. I don’t know if there is a wound It causes chronic wounds and is difficult to heal. resulting in infection And if left for a long time, it may have to be amputated.
Next week there is also a story regarding nutrition for people with diabetes. and prevention of diabetes Let’s wait and follow.
source of information
Mr. Kanoknan Wittayakasemsan Nutrition Academic, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital Mahidol University
