2024-11-07 23:32:00
On Friday, November 8th, the book of history records, among other things:
1519: The Spanish conqueror Hernando Cortés reaches the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan (today’s metropolis Mexico City).
1909: With a petrol-powered Benz (“Lightning Benz”), the Frenchman Victor Hémery exceeds the 200 km/h mark for the first time on the Brooklands car racing track in the USA.
1924: After a railway strike, the third government of Christian Social Chancellor Prelate Ignaz Seipel (in office since November 1923) resigns. (Seipel’s successor is the Salzburg Christian Socialist Rudolf Ramek, who continues the coalition with the Greater Germans at the head of a bourgeois “state cabinet”).
1929: “Amphitryon 38” by Jean Giraudoux premieres in Paris.
1934: The Lloyd steamer “Bremen” sets a new record for the Blue Riband with four days, 15 hours and 27 minutes on its 100th crossing from Cherbourg to New York.
1934: The German-language premiere of the drama “Professor Mannheim” (later “Professor Mamlock”) by Friedrich Wolf takes place in Zurich.
1939: In the Munich Bürgerbräukeller, a bomb attempt on Hitler fails, and he leaves the hall before the explosion. That night, the assassin Georg Elser was arrested as he fled at the border with Switzerland.
1944: The last German resistance dies out on the island of Walcheren and the Allies have access to the port of Antwerp. The High Command of the German Wehrmacht announces the use of the “V 2” long-range weapon.
1964: The Yemeni civil war between royalists and republicans begins on November 5th. agreed ceasefire comes into force.
1969: “Azur”, the first German research satellite, is successfully launched in Vandenberg (California).
1994: The UN-established criminal tribunal for war crimes in the former Yugoslavia begins its work in The Hague.
1994: In the US congressional elections, the Republicans win the majority in the House of Representatives and the Senate, making the second half of his presidency more difficult for Democratic President Bill Clinton.
1999: The Evangelical Church HB (Helvetic Confession) in Austria allows homosexual couples to be blessed; the Evangelical Church AB (Augsburg Confession, Lutherans) refrains from doing so.
Birthdays: Gottfried Prehauser, Eastern comedian (1699-1769); Joseph Franklin Rutherford, US lawyer and president of the religious community later renamed “Jehovah’s Witnesses” (1869-1942); Hermann Rorschach, Switzerland. psychiatrist (1884-1922); Alberto Erede, Italian conductor (1909-2001); Peter Hey, Eastern. Actor and cabaret artist (1914-1994); Rickie Lee Jones, US singer and musician (1954).
Todestage: Melezzo da Forli, Italian painter (1438-1494); John Milton, English poet (1608-1674); James Baldwin, US psychologist and philosopher (1861-1934); Franz Rautek, Eastern Sports teacher and inventor (“Rautek rescue handle”) (1902-1989); Vitaly Ginsburg, Russian physicist (hydrogen bomb); Nobel Prize 2003 (1916-2009).
Name days: Gottfried, Claudius, Willehad, Severus, Gregor, Martin, Johannes, Michael, Gabriel, Josef.
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**Interview with Dr. Elena Torres, Historian and Author on Significant Events of November 8**
**Editor (E):** Thank you for joining us today, Dr. Torres. November 8 is a day packed with historical events. Let’s explore some of them. First, can you tell us about Hernando Cortés and his arrival in Tenochtitlan in 1519?
**Dr. Torres (D):** Absolutely! Hernando Cortés’ arrival in Tenochtitlan marked a crucial turning point in the Spanish colonization of the Aztec Empire. His expedition ultimately led to the fall of one of the most powerful civilizations in the Americas. This confrontation initiated a significant cultural upheaval, the consequences of which are still evident in Mexico today.
**E:** Fascinating. Another remarkable moment happened in 1909 when Victor Hémery shattered the 200 km/h speed barrier. What does this achievement represent for the era?
**D:** Hémery’s achievement was monumental for both technology and sport. It symbolized the dawn of automotive racing as a serious competition and illustrated the rapid technological advancements of the early 20th century. This was a time when society was increasingly fascinated by speed and innovation.
**E:** Shifting gears, let’s discuss the events in 1939 involving an assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler. How did this event impact the political landscape in Germany?
**D:** The failed assassination attempt by Georg Elser was pivotal. It highlighted the desperation of those opposing Hitler’s regime and sparked increased repressive measures by the Nazi government. This event instilled a sense of paranoia among the Nazi leadership, leading to harsher crackdowns on perceived dissent.
**E:** Moving forward to 1944, could you elaborate on the Allied victories in Walcheren and their significance?
**D:** The liberation of Walcheren was essential for the Allies because it secured access to the crucial port of Antwerp, significantly enhancing the supply lines for Allied forces in the European theater. This victory was instrumental in the push towards defeating Nazi Germany.
**E:** can you shed light on the Yemeni civil war that began around this date in 1964?
**D:** The Yemeni civil war was characterized by a clash between royalists and republicans, reflecting the broader struggle for power in the Middle East during the Cold War. The conflict has deep roots in tribal and sectarian lines that continue to affect Yemen today. It showcases how colonial legacies and international influences often exacerbate local conflicts.
**E:** Thank you, Dr. Torres, for sharing your insights on these significant historical events. November 8 indeed holds a fascinating place in our collective history.
**D:** Thank you for having me! It’s always important to reflect on how history shapes our present.
