2023-12-31 02:59:00
[서울신문 나우뉴스]NASA’s asteroid sampling spacecraft, OISRIS-APEX, will take on an exciting new mission in 2029. At this time, we will see a more exciting encounter with an asteroid than ever before in human history.
The spacecraft, previously known as OSIRIS-REx, will encounter the asteroid Apophis, named following the ancient Egyptian god of chaos, in 2029, when the asteroid will be close to Earth. It is predicted that it will be so close that it will be visible to the naked eye in some areas.
This spacecraft, which brought samples collected from the asteroid Bennu to Earth, was recently given a ‘bonus mission’ and was renamed OSIRIS-APEX.
The Apophis asteroid, estimated to be as big as the Empire State Building (340 meters) in size, will approach Earth at 32,000 kilometers on April 13, 2029, closer than some satellites, Amy Simon, Asiris-Apex project scientist, said in a statement. “The spacecraft will be able to study Apophis immediately following this encounter to see how the asteroid’s surface changes as it interacts with Earth’s gravity.”
Apophis raised our alarm in 2004 due to its potential impact as an approaching asteroid large enough to pose a threat to Earth. However, in March 2021, observations of the orbit of this space rock, also known as asteroid 99942, led astronomers to conclude that the rock would not pose much of a threat to Earth for at least 100 years.
NASA scientists still want to know how the Earth-Apopis encounter in 2029 will affect Apophis’ 324-day orbit around the Sun. Scientists believe that when Apophis approaches Earth like this once every 7,500 Earth years, the impact may cause earthquakes and landslides and shake the asteroid’s surface.
Although this may sound like a disaster for the asteroid, it is also an opportunity to reveal what lies beneath the surface of Apophis, so Osiris-Rex will investigate all of the asteroid’s secrets from a close range.
“The close-contact approach is a great natural experiment,” said Osiris-Apex principal investigator Dani Mendoza dell’Agiustina of the University of Arizona. “We have shown that tidal forces and the accumulation of debris pile material are fundamental processes that may play an important role in planet formation. “We know,” he said, adding, “They can tell us how we moved from the remnants of the early solar system to full-fledged planets.”
Since asteroids are made up of material left over from the formation of planets around the primordial sun regarding 4.5 billion years ago, this investigation is expected to reveal the composition of Earth and other rocky planets. Apophis is made up of silicate materials and nickel- Because it is made of iron, it is quite different from the carbon-rich asteroid Bennua, which Osiris-Apex visited in October 2020 to collect samples that dropped to Earth in September 2023.
The Osiris spacecraft is scheduled to reach Apophis on April 13, 2029 and explore around the asteroid for regarding six months. During this time, the spacecraft will perform the same surveys it did on Bennu: analyzing Apophis’ surface and chemical composition.
And, as with Bennu, the spacecraft will drop to within regarding 5 meters of the asteroid’s surface and then explode with a thruster to reveal the asteroid’s interior material.
“We learned a lot from Benue,” Simon concludes, “but now we are armed with even more questions for our next targets.”
Gwangsik Lee, Science Columnist [email protected]
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