Sharjah: Aladdin Mahmoud
The Spanish artist, Francisco de Goya (1746, 1828), carries a different creative attitude and vision, and high-level artistic traditions. He was born to parents of simple peasants, so he worked with them in the field, he and his brothers, like other peasants. Nevertheless, his artistic talents appeared at an early age.
Apprenticed to the Zaragoza painter José Lucín y Martins, at the age of fourteen, Goya mentioned this in a short biography where he stayed with him for four years and his drawings remained influenced by the style of his teacher until he went to Rome, and in 1778 the royal court painter allowed Goya to He comes to the Royal Palace, where he began studying the paintings of the Spanish artist Velázquez, and with it, the features of a famous artist began to become clear, as he was then appointed as a painter for the king. The Father of Modern Art”, as his works greatly influenced the last generation of artists during the twentieth century, especially Pablo Picasso, Paul Cézanne, and Edouard Manet.
*championship
The painting “The Third of May”, or “The Third of May 1808 in Madrid”, also known as “the execution by firing squad”, is considered one of the most famous works of Goya and the most prominent international paintings. A sign of its kind and distinguished by the way he sees things and draws them on canvas, without artificial beautification of the characters he draws, and the painting also belongs to Joya’s vision, philosophy, and glorification of heroism and its high values and its impact on ordinary people, tournaments would leak a spirit of courage and a sense of pride among them, and that The painting expressed a prosperous stage of the artist’s life, who suffered from mental disorders in his late years, when depression dominated the work of that period.
*A touching scene
Goya completed this painting in 1814, and through it he was able to create an impressive scene regarding the events that took place in Moncloa Square, which is one of the famous Spanish squares that witnessed the cruelty of the French occupation, and it was among the artworks witnessing the victory of the homeland over the enemies, as its theme revolves around the These meanings, which enabled Joya to present creativity that addresses and affects the conscience, and Joya excelled in drawing the painting following 6 years of the French occupation of his country led by Napoleon, who imposed his control over Spain with a force consisting of one hundred thousand soldiers, and he slaughtered everyone who stood in front of his army and came out The people rebelled once morest Napoleon’s forces and rejected the alliance of Spain with the French army. Goya intended from behind this action to commemorate the memory of the Spanish resistance fighters who fought once morest Napoleon’s army.
*style
The painting found great interest by critics and art historians. Goya’s style of painting was different. He moved away from depicting war in the classical image, and succeeded in destroying traditional molds. The work was considered one of the expressive examples in modern art, and the historical artist Kenneth Clark spoke regarding it, saying: « It can be considered the first great painting of the revolution with its true concept of content, position and style.” It was also dealt with by many artists who were greatly influenced by the Goya style, which became a school of art in Europe, and despite that great uproar caused by the painting, some critics and historians, have pointed out She is less than Goya’s stature, as did the director of the Museo del Prado, painter Josh de Madruzo Madroth in 1850, who indicated that Goya’s style was not reflected in his painting, and despite that, the work found great fame among the Romantic and Impressionist schools, and many drew Until, with brush strokes, Goya perpetuated a revolt once morest the domineering men of Napoleon.
*a description
In addition to this painting “The Third of May”, Goya painted a number of other artworks, including the painting “The Second of May”, all of which depict the heroism of his citizens in the face of the enemy. Execution, and the painting is dominated by the dark color that the artist excelled in employing in different degrees according to emotional states. The artist, Clark Synagogue, stated that the painting highlighted the contrast between the victims on the one hand and the execution squad who point their guns at the chests of the resisters, where one of these revolutionaries emerges as he raises his hands In a way that indicates heroism, while the rest are approaching each other in a scene closer to a hug, in what appears on the right of the painting a number of other victims and a crowd of people begging for mercy for those who were directed at them with guns, and on the ground there are corpses of heroes who died, and if the blackness prevailed on the scene of the painting Goya used the light from the lighthouse that illuminated the scene on the left side of the painting.
* The lamp
The painting is now in the Prado Museum in Berlin, and it has inspired many audiences, artists and poets, including the Spanish poet Manuel Machado, brother of the great Spanish poet Antonio Machado, who describes the worlds of the painting in a famous poem saying: On the ground a lamp that hardly shines / His yellow light spreads terror / Line up the aiming guns in a savage and monotonous manner / Hardly to be seen / Mourns, curses. Before the order is issued to shoot / the victims brought to death, their souls rage / Their eyelashes open wide / Their eternal flesh salutes the earth.
