2023-04-24 17:57:06
Although aging is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular complications, specialists have observed that young people are also affected by the consequences of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), popularly known as high blood pressure.
Doctor Marcone Lima Sobreira, scientific director of the Brazilian Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery (SBACV) of the Regional São Paulo, attributes heart problems in young people to daily stress, sedentary lifestyle and poor diet. “Pre-existing diseases, such as dysplydemia, can be the reason for the compromised vascular health of new patients”, he says.
The proper functioning of the circulatory system is fundamental for the general well-being and quality of life, since it is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to all the organs of the body.
High pressure can cause direct injury to the inner lining of the vessels, called the endothelium, and lead to dysfunction in the segment, making it more susceptible to the formation of atheromatous plaques (mass formed by fats, carbohydrates, blood, fibrous tissue and calcium), that increase the chance of developing thrombosis, in addition to other diseases, such as:
- Peripheral arterial disease, which results in limb amputation;
- aneurysms;
- Acute myocardial infarction;
- Cerebral vascular accident (CVA);
- Heart and kidney failure;
- Injury to the retina, which can cause a decrease in visual acuity, even leading to blindness.
“A hypertensive ulcer, which is also a consequence of SAH, is a situation in which ulcers open on the lateral face of the leg. They are usually shallow, with a clean bottom, but it is an extremely painful disease. It can be treated with strict blood pressure control, in addition to other clinical measures and medical follow-up”, warns Sobreira.
Coping with high blood pressure
With the aim of preventing and combating the consequences of high blood pressure, the National Day for the Prevention and Combating of Arterial Hypertension was instituted, which is remembered on April 26th.
Pressure can be measured manually by means of a cuff, usually attached to the arm, with a stethoscope, or with digital devices that read and measure the pressure with good precision.
According to the 2020 Brazilian Guidelines on Arterial Hypertension, the value considered normal for blood pressure is 120 x 80 mmHg. Above 140 x 90 mmHg, the individual is considered hypertensive. The intermediate value, 130-139 x 85-89 mmHg, is classified as prehypertension.
Risk factors
Aging, obesity and smoking, in addition to the risk factors already mentioned, increase the risk of damage caused by hypertension and can accelerate or exacerbate vascular problems.
“It is important to reinforce the adoption of healthy habits such as periodic physical activity, which helps to control glycemic levels and diabetes, helps to lower cholesterol levels and control weight”, says the doctor.
A balanced diet, with low levels of salt, fat and sugars, also helps to control blood pressure, in addition to helping to control other comorbidities.
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