2023-11-12 05:02:33
Initial treatment of type 2 diabetes consists of oral therapies; If it progresses, long-term insulin administration is required.
By: Maria Camila Sanchez
November 12, 2023
The prognosis following a diagnosis of diabetes It varies from person to person, as does the treatment to follow, recommendations and restrictions.
From the event’Diabetes Cases Workshop’, organized by the Puerto Rican Society of Diabetology and Endocrinology and the Journal of Medicine and Public Health, Dr. Mariely Sierra, endocrinologist, explained that there are different types of diabetesso treatment must be individualized.
The role of insulin in the treatment of diabetes
It is important to remember that the insulin It is a hormone secreted by the pancreaswhose function is to metabolize levels of sugar (glucose) in blood. “When eating, the pancreas release the insulin so that this hormone can obtain the glucose and distributes it to the different areas of the body and converts it into energy.”
When a patient is diagnosed with Diabetes type 1, the treatment seeks to replace the insulin that he pancreas It does not secrete, generally, due to degeneration that may be the product of an autoimmune disease.
“We have to replace the insulintherefore these people are dependent on the insulin to live,” explained the expert. “We have different types of insulinsuch as long-lasting or short-lasting, fast-acting basals, used before eating to cover the peak of sugar that occurs following meals. Combined they form the therapy of insulin basal-bolus to imitate what the human body does.”
“The insulin It is not a punishment, it is not a taboo, it is life. And when it is needed, it is essential and is usually the solution to the problem.”
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Type 1 Diabetes vs. type 2 diabetes
The diabetes Type 2 is the one that manifests itself most frequently, and unlike type 1, which results from pancreatic insufficiency, this is usually related to genetic factors, sedentary lifestyles, excessive consumption of carbohydrates, obesity, metabolic syndrome, among others.
“All this causes the body to resist the insulin”, he emphasized. “High levels of sugar in blood, hyperglycemia, diabetes type 2”.
The initial therapy of diabetes Type 2 generally requires oral therapy, incorporation of healthy habits, and improvements in diet. However, if the condition progresses, the use of insulin long-term.
What side effects can insulin cause in the body?
According to Dr. Sierra, the most important side effect of using the insulinis hypoglycemia generally related to overmedication, or because the dose of insulin be very high for the levels of sugar of the patient, or the food consumed.
“Hypoglycemia is considered when the level of sugar is below 70 mg/dl. The appropriate average of sugar in blood it is individualized; On an empty stomach it should be between 90, 100 or 110 mg/dl in young people. In older people with medical conditions, specifically cardiovascular, for whom hypoglycemia can affect long-term or cause complications, we are more flexible: 110 and no more than 120 mg/dl. on an empty stomach”.
The importance of monitoring blood sugar levels
For people who use insulinit is essential to maintain constant monitoring of the levels of sugar in blood “This is not knowing how I have the sugar“It’s part of the treatment.”
According to the specialist, in patients who are administered insulin once a day, or is long-lasting, “it is recommended that this monitoring be done on an empty stomach, and in the followingnoon or at night before using the corresponding dose.”
On the other hand, in people who use insulin more than once a day, monitoring should be done before each meal. “If monitoring increases, control increases. It is not advisable to wear one insulin blindly, you don’t know if it is really controlling you, if the levels are high, or if you are causing hypoglycemia,” he concluded.
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