2023-07-16 17:15:00
When the dates of the attacks on the Israeli embassy or on the Amia in the Argentine Republic are commemorated, it cannot be ignored that there are aspects that deserve to be considered in both cases. That is, who established the objective, designed the strategy, made the decision to carry it out, financed it, and selected the candidate who was to carry it out.
It is there where the name of Hezbollah emerges, which, as a terrorist organization, is the third global brand in size and expansion, which competes with Al Qaeda and the Islamic State. However, it has an advantage over these two: a sovereign State that sponsors, finances and trains it, as is the case with Iran. But also another sovereign unit that houses them: the Lebanese State.
The truth is that Hezbollah has a logistical and operational structure for this: ESO (External Security Organization) whose function is to design and generate attacks abroad, such as the Amia attack. Or the Jihad Council to operate in coordination with Iran. Also special units like Radwan and al-Kayim, with a view to infiltrating Israel, whom they want to make disappear.
These three organizations -Al Qaeda, the Islamic State (also its subsidiaries in the world) and Hezbollah- use, among others, the modality of “suicide terrorism”. They do it with different intensity and frequency, depending on the circumstances and sometimes as an exclusive method due to the possibility of attacking by surprise, risking only one casualty and generating multiple deaths to the target that was chosen.
This happened in the case of the attacks once morest the Israeli embassy and once morest Amia, in Buenos Aires. The latter, decided months before, on August 14, 1993, in a meeting in the city of Mashhad (Iran), between the leadership of this country and top Hezbollah officials.
There, the main lines of action, financing and the division of roles would be established, with Hezbollah implementing the logistics, setting up the “sleeper cells” (units attentive to receive orders and operate) and providing the executor who would carry out out the action.
The chosen one”
Ibrahim Hussein Berro, a Hezbollah militant, was to be the chosen candidate. This was expressed in the investigations of the organizations that carried out the identification: the Alberto Nisman prosecutor’s office, the Side, the contributions from the FBI and the Detroit Prosecutor’s Office (Michigan – USA). Surely with contributions from the Israeli Intelligence Service, the Mossad.
According to the investigation, the entry of the activist was made from the Triple Border, a safe place for criminal activity. There are operational groups, articulators and financiers of Hezbollah (for whom the US always offers rewards for their capture), and whose businesses mask the funds destined to carry out this type of operation.
This is how the attack carried out by Ibrahim once morest Amia might be carried out on the planned day; that is, that July 18, 1994. And this is how an event like this once once more raises the issue of suicide terrorism, its precursors and its expansion.
How these facts are executed
For terrorism of this tenor, the “martyr” -according to the consideration in the doctrine that reinterprets what is stated in the Koran for the purposes of the “holy war”-, the “bomb-man” -in the interpretation of those who deal with of international security, in this case driver-bomb) – or the “suicide-homicide” -from a terminology linked to the notion of crime- constitutes a decisive piece when it comes to the arming and execution of an attack whose magnitude will depend on the available human resources and the sense of opportunity offered by planning.
This is so because the operational strategy of an event of this type requires some steps, namely: “recruitment” of candidates, “indoctrination”, “promise of reward” and “execution of the act”.
It seems important to note that, although there are many volunteers (there is usually a waiting list), it is also true that a distinction must be made between volunteers who are willing to die and those who “try” to die.
For this reason, whoever makes the selection of the candidate must discern if he is a “genuine” suicide or if he should be activated by “remote control”. This is as reinsurance in case he repents at the very moment of execution.
structures of terror
Ibrahim Hussein Berro was of Lebanese origin. He had two brothers killed because of a similar militancy. His mother would declare that she tried to take his other children away from him, the ones he had left. This, due to the radicalization of that within Hezbollah.
This situation highlights, more than the profile of the candidate, the influence that these organizations have through the processes of “recruitment”, “indoctrination” and “training”.
Surely Ibrahim was a victim of this type of “terror structures”, just like his brothers.
For this reason, we can say that the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Forces with their elite group or Quds Forces articulating with the Hezbollah structures for the training of future candidates to die represent a major threat to internal and international security. Or, rather, a real “killing machine.”
This was demonstrated through the 85 victims and the many physical and emotional injuries left by the attack on Amia.
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