2023-05-03 19:44:24
Colonization by the West
In 1513 Vasco Núñez de Balboa explored the Isthmus of Panama and reached the Pacific Ocean. In 1539 Hernando de Alarcón explored the Colorado River from its mouth in the Gulf of California to Arizona. In 1539 Fray Marcos de Niza explored New Mexico for Spain. In 1540 Francisco Vázquez Coronado explored New Mexico and Kansas, at the service of Spain. In 1540, the same year, García de Cárdenas explored the Grand Canyon of Colorado for Spain, later in 1775 Francisco Tomás Garcés crossed it. In 1542 Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo explored California and arrived in Oregon, at the service of Spain. In 1579 Sir Francis Drake landed north of San Francisco and claimed Oregon for England.
Francisco Vazquez Coronado
He was born in 1510 in Salamanca, Spain, and arrived in Mexico accompanying the first viceroy of New Spain, Don Antonio de Mendoza. In 1538 he was appointed governor of the Audiencia de Nueva Galicia, for being a peacemaker for the Indians.
In 1540 he launched an expedition divided into three parts to find the seven cities of gold described by Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca. They leave Compostela (Nayarit), capital of the province of the Kingdom of Nueva Galicia.
The first part of the expedition under the command of Vázquez de Coronado, made up of 350 Spaniards and numerous Indians, with many cattle, headed north from Mexico to Culiacán, where Tristán de Luna continued further north to the Zuñi Indian towns, then the two groups joined and wintered near Santa Fe, New Mexico, near the Rio Grande. The second part of the expedition by sea under the command of Don Hernando de Alarcón and the third, smaller, by land, under the command of García de Cárdenas.
Vázquez de Coronado arrived at Palo Duro, Texas, and did not find the seven cities of gold, he continued until near present-day Lindsborg, Kansas, the Quivira Indians had no gold, the expedition returns to near Santa Fe, where they spend another winter, but Not getting anything, they return to Mexico in 1542.
Hernando de Alarcon
He was born in Trujillo, Spain in the year 1500. The Viceroy of New Spain Don Antonio de Mendoza sent him with two ships to explore from the mouth of the Colorado River to its confluence with the Gila River and from there to join the expedition led by Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, by land.
Hernando de Alarcón left New Spain by sea with two ships entering the Gulf of California in 1540, through the mouth of the Colorado River, which he named the Nuestra Señora del Buen Guía River, in boats he went up to the confluence with the Gila River, where he contacted the Navajo. Perhaps Hernando de Alarcón was the first to arrive sailing through the Colorado to the lands of California and Arizona, but there are no written documents. He died in 1541.
Garcia Lopez de Cardenas
He was the first to see the Colorado Canyon, a Spanish explorer who was born in Llerena, Spain, the son of hidalgos. In 1540 he is one of the most prominent components of the Vázquez de Coronado expedition to find the seven golden cities of Cíbola.
In the town of the Zuñi Indians in New Mexico, which the Spanish called Quivira, García López de Cárdenas is responsible for an exploration trip in search of a river known to the Indians, a few days later they find the Colorado Canyon, Although not being able to go down for water, they decide to return.
Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo
The American west coast was explored on behalf of Spain by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo in the year 1542, under the patronage of the first viceroy of New Spain, Mexico, Don Antonio de Mendoza. Although this part of the Pacific Ocean was discovered following the conquest of Mexico in several voyages by Spanish captains, they were not explored.
Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo set out with three ships in June 1542 “to explore and discover some settlement and the passage to the north that unites the Pacific with the Atlantic.” In September he explored what would later be San Diego Bay, in October he explored what would become Los Angeles, later what would be called Santa Barbara and in November Monterey Bay. Cabrillo died in January 1543 on the island of San Miguel, in front of what will be San Buenaventura. The Spanish expedition arrives in February at Punta Mendocino, named following the first viceroy Antonio de Mendoza, at the northernmost point of California, near Oregon. Later this region was forgotten for more than 200 years. @mundiario
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