2024-04-05 06:58:00
The James Webb Space Telescope has released images of M82, a stellar galaxy that is producing stars 10 times faster than the Milky Way.
The team of astronomers used NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). To explore the starburst galaxy Messier 82 (Messier) or M82, which is 12 million light years away from the constellation Ursa Major.
This galaxy is relatively small but is full of frenzied star-formation activity, with M82 galaxy producing new stars 10 times faster than our own Milky Way galaxy.
The research team, led by Alberto Bolatto from the University of Maryland, They used Webb’s Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) instrument to peer into the center of the galaxy. which other space telescopes are unable to see through the veil of obscuring dust.
As a result, scientists were able to closely observe the physical conditions that facilitate the formation of new stars.
Bolatto said: “M82 has been observed many times over the years. Because it is considered a prototype starburst galaxy … both the Spitzer and Hubble space telescopes have previously observed this target. Given the size and resolution of the web We can look at galaxies forming stars and see all this beautiful new detail.”
Webb reveals the details: At the center of galaxy M82, there is a small green dot indicating a region of concentrated iron. Most of it is supernova remnant. The tiny patches that appear red indicate areas where hydrogen molecules were brightened by the radiation of nearby young stars.
Rebecca Levy from the University of Arizona One of the researchers said: “This image shows the Webb’s power. Every white dot in this image might be a star or a cluster of stars.” We can begin to discern the source of these tiny specks, which allows us to accurately count all the star clusters in this galaxy.”
M82 is viewed at slightly longer infrared wavelengths. Red tendrils can be seen extending above and below the plane of the galaxy. These gas streams are galactic winds emerging from the cores of starbursts.
One focus for this research team is Understanding that Galactic winds, which are caused by the rapid rate of star formation and subsequent supernovae. How is it released and influences the surrounding environment? By fixing M82’s central part, scientists can determine where the wind is coming from. and gain insight into how hot and cold elements interact within galactic winds.
Webb’s NIRCam instrument is well-suited to tracking the structure of galactic winds through radiation from sooty chemical molecules called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH).
PAHs can be considered microscopic dust grains that can survive in colder temperatures. But will be destroyed in hot conditions.
The team was very surprised. This is because Webb’s view of PAH emissions emphasizes the structure of galactic winds. This was a previously unknown aspect. They also found similar structures between PAH emissions and hot ionized gases.
Bolatto said “It was unexpected to see the release of PAH similar to ionized gas. PAH should not have a long lifespan when exposed to such a strong radiation field. So maybe they are replenished all the time. It challenges our theory and shows us that further study is needed.”
The Webb observations of M82 also raise additional questions regarding star formation. These are some questions the research team hopes to answer with the data gathered from Webb.
In the near future The research team will use Webb spectroscopic analysis to observe M82. The spectral data will help astronomers determine the cluster’s precise age. and help determine the timing of how long each stage of star formation lasts in the starburst galactic environment.
Examining activity in galaxies like M82 might deepen astronomers’ understanding of the early universe.
Bolatto said. “Webb’s observation of M82 is a reminder that This telescope excels at studying galaxies from all distances… in addition to viewing young, distant galaxies. We can also look at targets closer to home to glean insights into the processes that are taking place here. which is also an event that happened in the early universe.”
Compiled from NASA
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