2023-08-04 08:00:42
The Biomedicine Agency has just published its annual activity report for the year 2022, entitled “from the gift to life”. The opportunity to take stock of the latest figures and the latest trends on donation and transplant activities in France, but also on medically assisted procreation (PMA).
Organ and tissue donation and transplantation
The Biomedicine Agency (ABM) is the coordinating agency in France donation and transplant activitiesexcept for the activity of blood donation, which is provided exclusively by the French Blood Establishment (EFS):
It also coordinates activities in the field diagnostics and medical geneticsbut also embryo and embryonic stem cell research activities. Each year, the ABM publishes its activity report, which makes it possible to follow the development of its various activities in France.
One of its main activities is organ and tissue donation and transplantation. Organ transplants (heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, etc.) increased in 2022, with 5,494 transplants performed in France, compared to 5,276 in 2021. The proportion of transplants from living donors (almost exclusively from kidney transplants) increased, with 533 transplants in 2022.
Bone marrow donation and transplantation
Behind this number of transplants, which save so many lives, there are 1,694 deceased donors and 535 living donors, without whom these surgical feats would not be possible. Along with organs, tissues are also harvested and grafted to treat various pathologies:
- bones ;
- the skin ;
- tendons;
- veins and arteries;
- the corneas.
Another vital activity of the ABM is donation and transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (better known as bone marrow transplant). In 2022, 38,314 new donors registered on the bone marrow donor registry, bringing the registry to a total donor count of 369,262.
In fact, unlike organ donation, for which every French person is considered a potential donor unless he has expressly refused, being a bone marrow donor is a voluntary act in order to register on the national donor register (the register France Greffe de Moelle).
Medically assisted procreation and the donation of gametes and embryos
Bone marrow transplantation is one of the mainstays of the treatment of certain blood diseases, such as leukemia. In 2022, 1,115 patients benefited from this type of transplant in France. Finally, the activities of the ABM also include gamete donations (oocytes, spermatozoa), embryo donations and coordination of ART activities. In 2021, nearly 28,020 children were born thanks to an ART technique in France. Regarding gamete donation, 920 women donated their eggs in 2021, but only 399 men donated their sperm.
Of the fertility preservation techniques (oocyte cryopreservation, sperm cryopreservation) are also offered to patients with diseases that may affect their fertility or receiving treatments that may affect fertility (such as certain cancer chemotherapy). In 2021, 11,584 French patients benefited from these techniques, which may allow them to become parents in the future.
Since the bioethics law of 2021, a register of gamete donors was created to respond to the new right of children resulting from a donation of gametes or embryos to have access to information on the donors (anonymity remains preserved). This ABM report reveals that donation and transplant activities in France have returned to levels close to those before the Covid-19 pandemic.
Estelle B., Doctor of Pharmacy
Source
1691136335
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