2023-06-22 11:56:20
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Chikungunya is on our doorstep?
While cases of chikungunya in mainland France have so far always been “imported”, a new study notes the possible gradual (and mutual) adaptation of tiger mosquitoes and chikungunya to temperatures in France, raising fears of the possible development of “indigenous” cases.
Remember. When the tiger mosquito crossed our borders in mainland France, we consoled ourselves (as best we might) by saying that, in temperate climates, it was not possible for it to transmit it’s cool. No luck. This hope falls like a breath thanks to the Institut Pasteur. Focusing on the effects of global warming on the transmission of pathogens by mosquitoes, researchers from Pasteur and the University of Paris Cité studied transmission of the chikungunya virus by the tiger mosquito depending on the environmental temperature, at 20°C or 28°C.
And boom, the tiger mosquito adapts, and not just a little: “We demonstrated that temperature profoundly alters gene expression and the mosquito’s bacterial microbiome“, explains Anna-Bella Failloux, co-author of the study. The microbiome of the bug therefore changes. At 28 ° C, two bacteria which some of the tiger mosquitoes are carrying see their population upset. The one that inhibits the replication of chikungunya (Wolbachia) decreases significantly, in favor of the other (Serratia), which promotes infection of the mosquito’s digestive tract by the virus. Viral transmission from mosquitoes to humans is therefore greatly favored.
Especially since the genome of the virus in the infected mosquito is also modified. And not at his expense. “This is a real example of mutual adjustment between the virus and the vector, here the tiger mosquito, in response to its environment. “, specifies the researcher. Brilliant. Result, the tiger mosquito is able to transmit chikungunya with the same efficiency at 20°C and at 28°Cthus allowing the virus to continue its incursion into Europe, following a first alert in Italy, in 2007.
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Bibliographic references 
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