By knowing the energy needs you have at home you can manage through a few simple steps the devices that this installation can covermaintaining full security in the respective consumption of each of your appliances. Know the necessary calculations to install a system of solar energy Efficiently meeting the needs of the home is a fundamental step and of great importance to make the best decision.
As an example for start in the world of solar energy and self-consumption will address what is necessary to supply enough energy for an average house and to meet the electricity consumption needs for a refrigerator, lighting and television. That is, the basics for an average house of small proportions, generating a clear idea of the necessary calculations and of the expenses that this installation of renewable energy it implies.
This is how the consumption of the basics for the home is calculated
Accuracy is paramount in this type of situation where photovoltaic solar energy is involved. and much more if this is an isolated installation, taking into full consideration that this type of installation does not allow connection to the external network, which can be used in case of needing a greater demand for electricity.
- 1 nevera de 75 W with 24-hour connection: Equivalent to 1800 Wh/day.
- 4 bulbs of 5 W each with a connection of 4 hours a day: Equivalent to 80 Wh/day.
- 1 100W TV with connection of 4 hours a day: Equivalent to 400 Wh/day.
achieving total daily consumption equivalent to 2,280 Wh/day.
This is how the necessary solar panels are calculated
For this calculation the minimum value of peak sun hours (HSP) reflected throughout the year will always be taken. That is, in the months with less solar radiation and which generally refers to the months of December and January. Although this value may vary depending on the geographical area (and it will), it is possible to estimate and use for said calculation values averages of 3 HSP for the peninsula area and 4 HSP for the Canary Islands area.
Once this value is known, the daily consumption is divided between the HSPs, obtaining a minimum necessary photovoltaic power. Let’s see:
- 2,280 Wh/day between 3 hours of peak sun. It would give us a need for 760 W in solar panels.
Here it is possible to deduce that since the power is reduced, it will be decided by an installation that implies 12 V voltage and using solar panels of the highest possible power; that is to say, 200 W (with the firm intention of reducing the amount of them to be used).
- Finishing the calculation: 760 W / 200 W = 3.8 panels of 200 W.
So, rounding this value up, we have 4 solar panels of 200 W each are necessary. This tells us that the precise calculation of knowing the necessary solar panels is not so complicated and it is also necessary to meet the required needs.
The correct calculation of the necessary solar battery
Battery capacity is also a crucial and straightforward issue, you will need to use the value of daily consumption, which is 2,280 Wh/day, which will be divided by the voltage of the respective battery bank, resulting in: 2,280 Wh/day divided by 12 V, which indicates a necessary capacity of 190Ah for the battery. Furthermore, knowing that the battery should never be discharged beyond 50% of its charge (for reasons of useful life) it is necessary to double its capacity, resulting in 380Ah.
Understanding that the value of 380Ah corresponds to 1 day of autonomy, so for To achieve greater autonomy you will simply multiply its capacity by the days of autonomy you requirein this way you will obtain the necessary value for the required days.