2023-09-12 04:28:00
Children from birth up to 1 year old are considered to be at an age when their immune systems are weak and insufficient to resist various germs and are at risk of complications. May be life threatening. Even though babies get immunity from breast milk It is a natural vaccine that creates a protective barrier to protect your baby from germs. and various illnesses
Strengthening the immune system by giving children basic vaccinations is another way to make your child have a strong immune system. The vaccine stimulates the body to build immunity once morest the target disease. When children receive the vaccine, their chances of contracting various infectious diseases are greatly reduced. It also reduces disability and death, so children are healthy. Ready to grow and develop appropriately. Mothers can know from their pediatricians when their children should receive basic or essential vaccines. And what kind? In addition, today’s medical technology is more advanced. Vaccines for children from birth are increasing as well. There are 2 types of vaccines for children: basic vaccines and alternative vaccines as follows
Basic vaccines for children from birth to 1 year
1. Hepatitis B vaccine (HB) Prepared from the outer surface protein of the virus (HBsAg), which stimulates the body to build immunity once morest the hepatitis B virus. Can prevent infection and diseases caused by this type of virus Such as liver cancer and cirrhosis, at least 3 doses should be given at birth at 1-2 months of age and the last dose at 6 months or older in children born to mothers who are hepatitis B virus carriers. After receiving the vaccine Testing for immunity once morest hepatitis B is recommended. at the age of approximately 9 months – 1 year to confirm that they truly have immunity to the hepatitis B virus and confirm that they are not infected with this type of virus as well
2. Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis combination vaccine Divided into whole cell pertussis (DTwP) and cellless pertussis. (DTaP), which can be used in place of whole-cell pertussis (DTwP) every time and reduces the chance of side effects such as high fever, crying, and limp embryos that usually occur within 48 hours following vaccination with whole-cell pertussis vaccine. Start giving at 2, 4, and 6 months of age.
3. Hib vaccine (Hib) It is a vaccine to protect once morest Haemophilus Influenzae Type b infection, which causes disease in children younger than 5 years of age and can cause severe symptoms such as meningitis. Infection in the bloodstream The Hib vaccine is in combined form with the vaccine. Diphtheria-tetanus-whooping cough Hepatitis B vaccine and injectable polio Start giving at 2,4, 6 months of age.
4. Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) It is currently available as a combination vaccine with DTaP, a vaccine made from inactivated polio virus. Contains 3 strains of polio
5. Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR) Currently, it is recommended to start giving the first dose at 9 months – 1 year of age. The earlier the vaccine was received too early. The vaccine will not be able to stimulate the body to develop immunity because the mother’s immunity remains. Obstructing the building of immunity in children
6. JE encephalitis vaccine (Live-JE) It is a live attenuated vaccine. Injections begin at the age of 9 months – 1 year because receiving the second dose of vaccine causes a high and long-lasting immunity in children. Therefore, it is recommended to inject 2 injections, with a booster injection 1-2 years following the first injection.
7. Rota vaccine (Rota) Prevent rotavirus infection that is a common cause of diarrhea in young children and severe symptoms, especially in infants and young children less than 2 years of age. Currently, there is no specific treatment. But there is a vaccine to prevent it, which is an oral, attenuated live virus. There are both 2-time and 3-time instillation types.
8. BCG vaccine (BCG : Bacillus Calmette Guerin) Tuberculosis vaccine Injected from birth Full immunity to TB occurs approximately 2 months following vaccination. It is effective in preventing early stages of tuberculosis in children. especially meningeal tuberculosis and disseminated tuberculosis. Can prevent up to 52-100 percent and can prevent pulmonary tuberculosis in children by 53 percent.
Vaccine boosters to increase immunity once morest other diseases or alternative vaccines
1. Rota vaccine There are 2 types: Monovalent (Human) to be given 2 times at approximately 2 and 4 months of age and pentavalent (Bovine- Human) to be given 3 times at approximately 2,4,6 months of age.
2. Pneumococcal vaccine Prevent pneumonia meningitis
3. PCV Injected between the ages of 2 and 46 months and stimulated at 12-15 months – PS23, injected between the ages of 2 years and up.
4. Hib vaccine (Haemophilusinfluenzae type b) Should be injected at age intervals of 2, 4 and 6 months and injected to stimulate the vaccine’s activity once more at 1 year and 6 months of age.
5. Chickenpox vaccine Children should be injected according to their age range, from 12 -18 months and 4-6 years, respectively, for a total of 2 injections.
6. Hepatitis A vaccine Injections are given at ages 1 year and up, and the second dose is 6-12 months apart.
7. Dengue fever vaccine Injected at ages 9 years and up, 3 injections, months 0, 6, 12 in those who have had previous infections.
Things you should know before receiving the vaccine
Always bring a vaccine diary with you. You should not receive the vaccine while you have a high fever. or acute illness Except for a cold Diarrhea without fever can be vaccinated. After receiving the vaccine, you should stay in the hospital at least. 30 minutes to watch for drug allergic reactions If you have had an injection and have had an allergic reaction to a medicine or a food allergy, such as a severe egg allergy. Please notify the pediatrician or nurse.
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