2023-12-25 22:38:06
Distinguishing a bacterial infection from a viral infection is essential for effective treatment. Understanding their differences, symptoms, and diagnoses not only allows for proper treatment, but also prevents the overuse of antibiotics.
Bacterial and viral infections affect millions of people each year, especially in winter. Although sometimes presenting similar symptoms, their origins, treatments and impacts on health are completely different. A reliable distinction is essential for appropriate therapy. Indeed, antibiotics, effective against bacteria, are useless against viruses. In addition, the inappropriate use of antibiotics makes them less and less effective.
Characteristics and symptoms
Bacteria are living single-celled organisms that can survive in a variety of environments. Some bacteria are beneficial. But others cause infections like pneumonia or urinary tract infections. Symptoms of a bacterial infection may include high fever, localized pain (such as a sore throat or ear), purulent discharge (such as a yellow or green runny nose), and inflammation.
Viruses, on the other hand, are non-living pathogens that require host cells to reproduce. They are responsible for illnesses like the flu, colds and Covid-19. Viral symptoms often include low-grade fever, generalized body aches, fatigue, and upper respiratory symptoms (such as a clear runny nose).
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