2024-08-20 22:48:39
On Wednesday, August 21, the history books recorded:
1614: The Hungarian Countess Erzsébet Báthory is said to have murdered 610 young girls and died while locked in a castle room.
1859: Emperor Franz Joseph fired Chancellor Carl Ferdinand Graf Bühl-Schornstein, whose unsuccessful foreign policy had led to hostility with Russia. Metternich’s student Johann Bernhard Graf Reichberg would become his successor. At the same time, Interior Minister Alexander Freiherr von Bach was recalled.
1904: The Augsburg German Catholic Congress called for the full readmission of the Jesuits to the German Empire.
1914: The last cavalry battle in European history took place near Jaroslawice in Galicia: 15 dragoons of the Austro-Hungarian army led by Colonel Otto Graf Huhn faced off against the numerically superior Russian 10th Cavalry divisions fight. Both sides suffered heavy losses.
1914: The total solar eclipse will be visible across much of Europe.
1934: Just weeks after his predecessor Engelbert Dollfuss was murdered by Nazi mutineers, new Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg held political talks in Florence with Italian dictator Benito Mussolini.
1934: The film “Masquerade” celebrates its premiere in Berlin. Willy Foster helped give Viennese cinema its breakthrough with Carnival Love Story. Paula Wessely made her film debut.
1944: The Dumbarton Oaks Conference was held in the United States, where the United States, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and China decided to replace the failed League of Nations with the United Nations Organization (UNO), established in 1945.
1944: The Republic of San Marino declares war on Germany.
1959: President Eisenhower declared the Hawaiian Islands the 50th state of the United States. The Pacific Islands were annexed by the United States in 1898 and have had U.S. territorial status since 1900.
1969: The south wing of Al-Aqsa Mosque, one of the highest Islamic holiest sites in Jerusalem on the Temple Mount, was set on fire by an Australian.
1984: The trial surrounding the fake “Hitler Diary” (purchased by the German magazine “Stern”) begins in Hamburg.
1994: At the 50th European Alpbach Forum, Federal President Thomas Klestil could welcome the heads of state of all neighboring countries and designated European Commission President Jacques Santer.
1994: Ernesto Zedillo, candidate of the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party, wins Mexico’s presidential election.
2004: American swimming star Michael Phelps ended his Olympic journey with six gold medals, becoming the most successful athlete at the Athens Games.
Birthday: Prince Henri Rohan, leader of the French Huguenots (1579-1638); William Murdoch, Scottish inventor (1754-1839); Baron Augustin-Louis Cauchy, French mathematician (1789-1857); Christie Christian Schad, German painter (1894-1982); William “Count” Bassey, American jazz musician (1904-1984); Nikolai N. Bogolyubov, Russian mathematician ( 1909-1992); Douglas C. Dillon, American financial politician (1909-2003); Fred Charles Ikle, American social scientist (1924-2011); Peter Van Dyke, German ballet director (1929-1997); John Lewis Hall, American physicist; 2005 Nobel Prize (1934); Festus G. Mogae, Botswana. Politician; President 1998-2008 (1939); Peter Weir, Australian. Film director (1944); Didier VI, former French footballer (1954).
Days to death: Moritz Michael Daffinger, Austrian painter (nA August 22) (1790-1849); Edward Senison, black theologian (1888-1974); Palmiro Togliatti , Italian politician (1893-1964); Leo Castelli, American gallery owner and art dealer (1907-1999); Giuseppe Meazza, Italian football player (1910-1979); Wolfgang Schleife, German film director (1912-1984); Prince Faisal of Saudi Arabia (1945-1999).
Name day: Pius, Gracia, Adolf, Maximilian, Baldwin, Johanna, Pia, Dadaus, Hartwig, Joseph.
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