2023-08-10 22:11:00
843: In the Treaty of Verdun, the sons of Louis the Pious, Lothar I, Louis the German and Charles the Bald, decided to divide the Frankish kingdom into an eastern, central and western kingdom.
1678: The first of the Peace Treaties of Nijmegen (Nijmegen) ended the Franco-Dutch War that had broken out in 1672.
1718: The British fleet under Admiral George Byng destroyed 15 of 22 Spanish warships in a naval battle off Sicily.
1858: First ascent of the 3,970 m high Eiger via the west flank by the Swiss mountain guides Christian Almer and Peter Bohren and the Irishman Charles Barrington.
1863: King Norodom of Cambodia concludes a protection treaty with France’s Emperor Napoleon III. The Southeast Asian kingdom becomes a French protectorate.
1898: Work begins on the Simplon Tunnel between Switzerland and Italy (completed in 1906).
1923: The Georg Büchner Prize is awarded for the first time. Initially, only Hessian artists were honored, but in 1951 the award was converted into a literary prize that was awarded to German-speaking authors.
1933: Overthrow of the government of General Gerardo Machado Morales in Cuba. The new president will be Fulgencio Batista Zaldívar, who as “leader of the revolution” will become supreme commander of the army (according to other sources, August 12).
1948: In Italy, the “People’s Democratic Front”, the alliance of communists and socialists, is dissolved.
1978: A serious domestic political crisis broke out in Iran with mass demonstrations once morest the Shah, Mohammed Reza Pahlevi, and bloody unrest.
1981: The company “Eumig” files for bankruptcy because the Österreichische Länderbank does not provide any further funds.
1983: In Chile, more than thirty people are killed on the fourth “Day of National Protest” once morest the military dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet, who overthrew the democratically elected President Salvador Allende in 1973.
1983: The World Council of Churches calls for a ban on all nuclear weapons at its assembly in Vancouver, Canada.
2003: Liberia’s dictator Charles Taylor resigns under international pressure and leaves the country.
2008: Former Federal Chancellor Fred Sinowatz, who succeeded Bruno Kreisky at the head of the government and in the SPÖ presidency, dies at the age of 79.
birthdays: Friedrich Ludwig Jahn (“Turnvater”), founder of the German gymnastics movement (1778-1852); Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch hygienist; Nobel Prize 1929 (1858-1930); Tamás Vásáry, Hungarian pianist/conductor (1933); Pervez Musharraf, Pakistan. politician and general (1943-2023); Hulk Hogan (aka Terry G. Bollea), ex-US wrestler, actor (1953); Chris Hemsworth, Australia. Actor (1983).
days of death: St. Clare of Assisi, Italian founder of the order (1194-1253); Otto Wahle, Austria swimmer (1879-1963); Ernst Molden, Austria Journalist (1886-1953); Tazio Novolari, Italian racing driver (1892-1953); Günther Schifter, Austria radio presenter (1923-2008); Fred Sinowatz, Austria Politician, Federal Chancellor 1983-86, SPÖ chairman. 1983-88 (1929-2008); VS Naipaul, Trinid.-Brit. Writer; Nobel Prize 2001 (1932-2018).
name days: Klara, Susanne, Luise, Gerhard, Philomena, Hermann, Donald, Schetzel, Nikolaus, Tiburtius.
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