As Russia has stopped collaborating, the European Space Agency (ESA) will launch two science missions with Space X

Euclid will study the expansion of the Universe following it lifts off in 2023. It was originally scheduled to take off with a Soyuz rocket. The Hera probe is due to take off at the end of 2024 towards the asteroid recently deflected by NASA (the Dart mission).

The program for the new Ariane 6 launcher intended to succeed Ariane 5 and to fulfill the missions previously carried out by the Russian Soyuz rocket was launched in 2014. Initially scheduled for 2020, the first flight of Ariane 6 has already had to be postponed for two years due to the Covid-19 pandemic and development difficulties.

In February, the Russian invasion of Ukraine cut short all European cooperation with Russia and deprived the European space port of Kourou, in French Guiana, of Soyuz launches.

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