2023-04-20 22:23:48
Under Friday, April 21, the book of history records, among other things:
753 v. Chr.: According to legend, Romulus founded the city of Rome. The date becomes the basis of the Roman calendar: the years are counted “ab urbe condita” – since the founding of the city.
43 v. Chr.: In the Battle of Mutina, Octavian (later Augustus) defeated Marc Antony, who had been declared an enemy of the Roman state. Shortly thereafter, Octavian, who leads the core of the Senate army, dominates northern Italy.
1628: Albrecht von Wallenstein, Duke of Friedland, is appointed “General of the Oceanic and Baltic Seas” by Emperor Ferdinand II.
1818: The world premiere of Franz Grillparzer’s tragedy “Sappho” takes place at the Burgtheater in Vienna.
1898: The US recognizes Cuba’s independence.
1908: The American doctor and polar explorer Frederick Albert Cook is the first person to reach the geographic North Pole. His statements are still controversial today.
1913: The American engineer Gideon Sundbäck from Sweden applied for a patent for the zip fastener that is common today. Various types of zippers have been developed by several inventors since 1851. Whitcomb Judson applied for a patent for the first practicable idea in 1893 (“clasp locker”: clamp opener for shoes).
1918: The most famous German fighter pilot, Baron Manfred von Richthofen, is hit over France (on the Somme) and mortally wounded trying to land behind enemy lines. He had shot down more than 80 planes and was nicknamed “The Red Baron” because of his red-painted Fokker triplane.
1933: Hitler appoints Rudolf Hess as the “Führer Deputy” with decision-making powers in “all questions of party leadership” of the NSDAP. In this capacity he also attends all cabinet meetings.
1948: The National Council decides on the amnesty of the “less incriminated” former National Socialists. As a result, 482,000 of the 524,000 persons who are required to register are freed from the consequences of atonement.
1983: After restoration work, the Wartburg in Eisenach is officially opened. It was there that Martin Luther translated the New Testament into German.
1988: In the “Federal States” trial, the ex-abbot of the Rein monastery in Styria, Franz Rappold, was sentenced to 23 months in prison and to pay 30 million schillings.
1998: The real estate agent Ariel Muzicant is elected to succeed Paul Grosz as the new president of the Israelite religious community.
birthdays: Ulrich von Hutten, German humanist (1488-1523); Hippolyte Taine, French philosopher and historian (1828-1893); Josef Meinrad, Austria actor (1913-1996); Halfdan Mahler, Danish. doctor (1923-2016); John Clifford Mortimer, British playwright (1923-2009); Andie MacDowell, US actress (1958).
days of death: Theodor Ritter von Sickel, Austria historian and diplomat of German origin (1826-1908); Manfred Frh. Richthofen, German fighter pilot (1892-1918); Walter Slezak, US stage/film actor, writer and singer. origin (according to other information April 22) (1902-1983); Leopold Engleitner, Austria concentration camp survivor and Jehovah’s Witness (1905-2013); Nina Simone, (aka Eunice Waymon), US singer (1933-2003); Guggi Löwinger, Austria actress and singer (1939-2018); Vernon “Verne” Troyer, US actor (1969-2018).
name days: Konrad, Anselm, Adolarius, Reinmar, Kurt, Anastasius, Alexandra, Saba, Wolbodo.
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