2023-08-13 11:17:55
In Jalisco there is a significant setback in access to health services, which is when the population is not affiliated with public institutions.
While in 2016 the percentage of the total population with this deficiency was 17.6%, last year it more than doubled: it reached 37.1%; that is, 3.1 million Jalisco are in this situation, according to the most recent measurement of the National Council for the Evaluation of Social Development Policy (Coneval).
At the national level, the trend of deficiencies in access to health services is replicated, as well as the disparity between urban and rural areas, for which Coneval urged to review and strengthen access policies and strategies in this regard. According to the Council, this is mainly due to the creation of Insabi, to which Jalisco did not adhere.
Medical care in public health institutions has been reduced, dropping from 22.4 million people in 2018, to 18.1 million patients in 2022 in Mexico. EL INFORMADOR/Archivo Patients spent more on health before the change to Insabi
The Coneval measured the percentage of households with catastrophic spending on health, that is, households in which health payments exceed 30% of disposable income —total income minus spending on food. In 2018, 2.1% of Mexicans were in this situation and in 2022 it reached 2.9%, without returning to pre-pandemic levels. This reveals the impact of the disappearance of Seguro Popular, which worked mainly for diseases with high costs, such as cancer.
“When exploring this indicator according to area of residence, it is observed that the percentage of households with catastrophic spending in rural areas (4.2%) is higher than that in urban areas (2.5%) in 2022. In summary, the percentage of people with deprivation due to access to health services has shown increases between 2018 and 2022”.
On the other hand, between 2018 and 2022, the percentage of people nationwide who sought medical attention for health problems such as pain, discomfort, illness or accident went from 36% to 38%.
In detailing how medical care was obtained, the people who declared having received medical care in public institutions dropped from 22.4 million people in 2018 to 18.1 million patients in 2022; while care through private health services rose from 21.5 million people to 30 million peoplein that same period of time.
They highlighted that more people were treated in private clinics and hospitals, and the service in hospitals or institutes of the Ministry of Health was reduced, going from 3.1 million in 2018 to 1.8 million last year.
“It is observed that, for the population without access to social security, before the change from Seguro Popular to Insabi, there was a drop that has not been recovered in 2022.”
And when the proportion of people who presented health problems and were attended to in a health service is examined, by place of service and by area of residence, a similar trend is observed for most of the institutions for both rural and rural areas. urban, since for both areas the care in health centers of the Ministry of Health was downward.
In Jalisco, the Oriente Civil Hospital is being carried out, in Tonalá, which will provide services to people without social security. The state government reported that 1,250 million pesos are being invested.
GUIDE
Program Changes
The disappearance of Seguro Popular and the creation of the Health Institute for Well-being (Insabi) in 2019 represented a change in Mexico’s health policy. The decree by which the Insabi was created entered into force on January 1, 2020. Its mission was to provide and guarantee free health services, medicines and other associated supplies to people without social security.
The Coneval highlighted that “The institutional reconfiguration of the health system focused on people without social security is still ongoing. In March 2022 it was announced that the federal government, hand in hand with the health sector, were working on a comprehensive care model for people without social security operated through the IMSS-Well-being Program.
Agreements were signed with different federal entities, which mention the transfer of state medical units and the implementation of the Comprehensive Health Care Model (MAIS) of the IMSS-Well-being program.
“In August 2022, the IMSS-Bienestar was declared a decentralized public body, and a few months later the Health Care Model for Well-being was issued, which would be aimed mainly at people without social security.”
Finally, in May 2023, the Decree was issued establishing the disappearance of the Insabi and transferring its powers to the IMSS-Bienestar.
BACKGROUND CURTAIN
show results
Between 2020 and 2022, the percentage of people with deprivation due to access to health services at the national level went from 28.2% to 39.1% respectively, which represented going from 35.7 to 50.4 million people with this deficiency. In other words, 14.7 million more people reported not being affiliated, registered or not having the right to receive health services in a public or private institution.
In 2022, the States with the highest percentage of population deprived due to access to health services were Chiapas (66.1%), Oaxaca (65.7%) and Guerrero (52.7%), while the states in which a The lowest percentage of the population with deprivation due to access to health services were Baja California Sur (17.3%), Coahuila (19.7%) and Chihuahua (21.5%).
In 2018, the health centers of the Ministry of Health were the place with the highest proportion of the population attended in rural areas, with 31.4%, later, in 2020, this proportion changed to 21.3% and care began to predominate in private clinics and hospitals.
In contrast, private clinics and hospitals were the place with the highest proportion of care in the urban area in the three years of follow-up (2018, 2020 and 2022), and although care in Social Security went from 17.4% to 20.6 % between 2020 and 2022, this did not exceed the level of 2018, which was 23.7 percent.
Social programs have had a positive impact on poverty reduction in Mexico. EL INFORMADOR/Archivo Social programs have an impact on poverty reduction
The Coneval detected that social programs have an impact on the reduction of poverty and extreme poverty because the transfers, monetary or in kind, represent an important source of the total current income of households.
In this regard, he proposed a scenario where households had not received transfers from social programs from the Government, as well as non-monetary transfers, nor those granted by any federal, state or municipal government institution.
When carrying out these exercises for 2018 and 2022, it is observed that the percentage of the population in a situation of poverty goes from 41.9% to 43.8% in 2018 and from 36.3% to 39% in 2022.
“These increases represent that the number of people living in poverty would go from 51.9 to 54.2 million people in 2018, and from 46.8 to 50.3 million people if they did not receive support from social programs in 2022.”
The same trend occurs with the indicator of extreme poverty.
On the other hand, in 2018 there were 10.4 million households that received income from at least one social program at the national level and, in 2022, 13.6 million households were registered, that is, 3.2 million more homes with this feature.
The one that contributes the most is that of Young People Building the Future, since each person in that household receives, on average, 848.9 pesos, being the program with the highest contribution to the average income of household members, followed by the Program for the Well-being of the Elderly, which grants each household member an average of 739.7 pesos per month.
“In contrast, the Well-being Scholarship program for Basic Education Families (Prospera) is the one with the lowest contribution to household income, with 141.7 pesos.”
THERE ARE LESS POOR
At the national and state level
Mexico
2018
2020
2022
Poverty 51.9 million 55.7 million 46.8 million Extreme poverty 8.7 million 10.8 million 9.1 million
Jalisco
2018
2020
2022
Poverty 2.2 million 2.6 million 1.8 million Extreme poverty 189,086 251,831 180,544
KEYS
What is measured?
Methodology. The Coneval offers an approach to the multidimensionality of poverty by linking economic well-being and social rights. In the first, it identifies the population whose income is insufficient to acquire the goods and services they require to satisfy their needs. For the operationalization of this indicator, the lines of poverty by income and extreme poverty by income are taken as a basis.
Social rights. The space of social rights allows us to know how many and what are the social deficiencies that people suffer. The social deprivation indicators used to measure multidimensional poverty, defined in article 36 of the General Law of Social Development (LGDS), identify the essential elements of the right.
Reasons. Social rights are considered as universal, interdependent and indivisible elements, so it is estimated that a person is unable to exercise one or more rights when they lack at least one of the six indicators indicated in article 36 of the LGDS: educational lag, access to health services, access to social security, quality and housing spaces, basic services in the home and access to nutritious and quality food. For this reason, the number of social deprivations experienced by the population is an indicator of their severity; in such a way that it will not be the same to have only lack of access to social security, than to health and education services at the same time.
Social deprivations in Jalisco Percentage of population in educational lag rose from 18.5% to 20.4% between 2020 and 2022. The percentage of deprivation due to access to health services increased from 32.1% to 37.1% between 2020 and 2022. The deprivation due to access to social security fell from 44.4% to 42% between 2020 and 2022. The lack of quality and housing spaces decreased from 6.3% to 5.3% from 2020 to 2022. The lack of access to basic services in housing dropped from 5.4 % to 4.2% between 2020 and 2022. The lack of access to nutritious and quality food was reduced from 14.8% to 13.8% from 2020 to 2022. CONEVAL offers an approach to the multidimensionality of poverty by linking economic well-being and that of social rights. THE INFORMER/Archive
CRITICAL AREAS
How to eliminate poverty in Mexico
According to Coneval, there are three critical areas that Mexico faces to eliminate poverty:
Improve the progressivity of public transfers and social programs and, in particular, ensure the inclusion of people in situations of extreme poverty, with special attention to the population without social security and those with lower incomes. In terms of health, advance in the organization of a comprehensive national health system that allows care for the population and the certainty of access to its operation and availability.
Strengthen efforts to create formal jobs or move towards a non-contributory, comprehensive and universal social security system, since access to social security is the greatest challenge in terms of social deficiencies.
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