2024-04-18 21:21:46
They addressed the problems of epidemics and cardiovascular diseases in Mexico
Within the framework of the 2024 Medical Update Conference of the Centro Universitario del Sur (CUSur), the conference “Health priorities in the Americas and the role of the Pan American Health Organization” was held on April 17 in Adolfo Aguilar Zínser Health (PAHO)”, taught by Dr. José Moya Medina , PAHO/WHO representative in Mexico.
The presentation started by giving an introduction to how PAHO was established in 1902 under the name International Health Office, and that from 1958 the official name PAHO was created, put together by 11 countries with the aim of better coordinating and sharing information about health problems. which has occurred for 121 years in that region of America. These problems previously affected international trade and in 1949 the World Health Organization (WHO) was established.
Likewise, he highlighted that in 1984 PAHO’s representative office arrived in Mexico and began to have mandates only for the country, and in 1990 the last case of poliomyelitis was recorded. In 2015 it was declared free of onchocerciasis, in 2017 it was recognized as a country free of trachoma and in 2019 it was declared a country free of human rabies transmitted by dogs.
Dr. Moya Medina spoke during his conference about health priorities such as inequalities, inequalities in living and health conditions, climate change, demographic changes, populations in relation to mobility and epidemiological polarization. Risks include epidemics and pandemics, disease (NCD) and mental health, as well as the need for new approaches.
During the lecture, Dr. Moya told the medical students that the emergency and the resurgence was approved in the new International Health Regulations of 2005, which came into effect in 2007. Since then, there have been outbreaks of H1N1 flu, cholera, chikungunya, zika, ebola, covid, monkeypox (monkeypox). Likewise, he mentioned that the warning signs of dengue include frequent vomiting, thrombocytopenia, abdominal pain, edema of the eyelids and eyes, irritability, drowsiness and bleeding from the gums, nose and ears, gums, mucous membranes and even bleeding through the urine. In chikungunya: acute phase, polyarthralgia, there is pain in several joints, bilateral and symmetrical, most commonly in the hands and feet.
Before finishing the speech, the young medical students could ask the speaker questions, one of which was: What policies should the hospital administration implement to make this possible? Dr. Moya replied that what the management can contribute is important, because a health service administrator manages the primary health care service, can make a very good distribution of human resources and can notice the importance of having all primary health care services open for the treatment of cases, triage and establishing integrated networks of health services so that patients go to a first level and then to a second level of epidemiological and community surveillance and with the participation of local health authorities.
At the conference entitled “Hearts of the Americas: response to the epidemic of cardiovascular diseases from primary care,” Dr. Mariana Rodríguez de la Cerda, PAHO consultant in non-communicable diseases and focused on the Hearts initiative of the Americas, implemented a interactive dynamics with the students. By scanning a QR code from their cell phones, students participated in a real-time survey that addressed topics related to chronic degenerative diseases.
Among the initial questions, the following stood out: What is life expectancy in Mexico? Dr. Rodríguez highlighted that over the past 45 years, 2 years have been gained per five-year period, placing the average age at 72 years for men and 78 years for women.
Likewise, he explained that the main cause of lost years of healthy life in the world is cardiovascular disease, as well as chronic diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, accidents and cancer, which are non-communicable diseases. In addition, he commented that one in three adults has high systolic pressure.
Dr. Rodríguez de la Cerda pointed out that WHO and PAHO identified this major problem of cardiovascular diseases, where they looked for a group of experts who announced that the curve for diabetes, hypertension and all cardiometabolic diseases is going to get out of control, therefore they proposed this initiative called Hearts. This approach identifies one of the areas of greatest impact in addressing this issue at the population level. It consists of the implementation of technical packages aimed at modifying sodium consumption, eliminating tobacco consumption, reducing the intake of trans fatty acids and promoting more active communities to reduce alcohol consumption.
Finally, the doctor highlighted the importance of modifying the care model for these diseases in the health system. He highlighted the need to promote healthy habits and implement standardized protocols based on evidence, as well as estimate cardiovascular risk for each patient.
Dr. José Guadalupe Salazar Estrada, Rector of CUSur, was present for the closing of the Medical Update 2024 conference During his speech, he thanked the two speakers representing PAHO in Mexico for coming to give these talks to the young students of CUSur- medicine. . He expressed his appreciation for the recommendations and proposals on issues related to prevention policy in the world and in the region, as well as prevention and health in Mexico.
Likewise, he urged the students to understand that these sessions complement the training they receive in the academic curriculum and in the CUSur rooms. Finally, he pointed out that this helps to train better professionals and generates greater social commitment.
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Text and photos: Aurora Sastre Quijas
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