2023-09-11 06:00:09
11.9%: this is the increase in the volume of daily sickness benefit per employee (under the general scheme, excluding maternity), between the first quarter of 2010 and the fourth quarter of 2019. Compensation paid for work accidents and occupational diseases (ATMP) increased by 16.5% over the same period.
A subject of tension at the political level as well as in social dialogue within companies, absenteeism is the subject of debate as to its root causes.
The job of bus driver is one of those which suffers the most from this increase in absences, and from stereotypes regarding the reasons for them. This is what underlines the contribution of Damien Cartron and Philippe Askenazy for the scientific mediation project “What do we know regarding work? », from the Interdisciplinary Laboratory for the Evaluation of Public Policies (Liepp), broadcast in collaboration with Liepp and Presses de Sciences Po on the Emploi de Lemonde.fr.
For researchers, the absenteeism of transport drivers (urban in particular) and the loss of attractiveness of the sector are primarily due to a continued deterioration of working conditions: despite improvements in comfort, traffic has become more complex ( bicycles, speed bumps, delivery vehicles parked in an anarchic manner), and requires constant movement, which causes musculoskeletal disorders. Psychosocial risks are also exploding: having to be accountable to their employer, the client (often a community) and customers, they face contradictory requirements.
In addition to customer management, road users are also managed. Both populations can be sources of incivility and loss of time in relation to the schedule that the driver must scrupulously respect.
Indeed, the requirements are high: compliance with the departure time is one of the many quality criteria controlled by the contracting authorities, and new technologies favor the monitoring of machines in real time. This results in shortened and degraded breaks (especially meals).
A faulty work organization
Secondly, Philippe Askenazy and Damien Cartron look at the managerial response to increasing absenteeism, which they do not consider appropriate. Indeed, management tends to point the finger at individual behavior, without questioning a faulty work organization: the authors cite in particular the introduction in the fall of 2022 of bonuses for RATP drivers who have not had an absence.
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