2024-11-16 12:24:00
sao paulo |The summit starting next Monday in Rio de Janeiro is not just a meeting of Western powers. The G20 is unique compared to other forums in that it consists of 19 countries and two continental groups. Germany, Saudi Arabia, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, South Korea, the United States, France, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the United Kingdom, Russia, South Africa and Turkey belong to the group. As for the two regional organizations, one is the European Union, of which it is a founding member (1999), and the other is the African Union, which will join in 2023. , the issue being debated They have a chance to achieve something to improve the international situation.
It is not yet clear what level of consensus the new G20 will achieve, since it touches on different and difficult-to-reach-for-consensus issues: from “world governance” and the “Alliance against Hunger and Poverty” to climate change and the implementation of international tribute to the great wealth. There is also an aim related to Mercosur countries to use the meeting to push for a long-delayed deal with the EU. This is one of the issues that French President Emmanuel Macron will discuss with Javier Millay.he begins his visit to Buenos Aires today.
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In Rio de Janeiro, national representatives or “sherpas” have begun word-for-word negotiations on a final declaration. In Argentina, this function is performed by Federico Pinedo, a lawyer and politician.Responsible for making final arrangements based on the position of the Rose Palace.
Pinedo’s task does not appear to be easy, as the national government’s position becomes more rigid and resistant on nearly every issue addressed by this world leadership. Milley had just returned from the United States to meet future U.S. President Trump, and he revealed a 180-degree divergence from Brazil’s position. That’s what happened during the past few days at a closed-door Sherpa meeting at a hotel at Santos Dumont Airport.
As the host country of this summit, the goal of Brazilian diplomacy is to ensure that every word of the final declaration can achieve the greatest degree of consensus. But he knew there were considerable obstacles to a unified position among 19 countries and two regional blocs. One of the difficulties arises from Buenos Aires, where the Argentine president intends to express reservations on different issues discussed at the summit, e.g. The global problem of taxing the super-richclimate disasters, and the rights of women and minorities.
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Milai was accompanied by the new Prime Minister Gerardo Werthein, who recently succeeded Diana Mondino at the helm of the Palais San Martin. According to Brasília’s comments, the president will have the opportunity to speak twice with colleagues from around the world, and according to the same source, everything indicates that he will speak on issues of great concern to Brazilian partners: reform of global governance, namely the United Nations Security Council, The governance of international organizations such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. At La Rosaleda, they said they would not hold a bilateral meeting with Lula da Silva; although they could not rule it out completely.
A big absentee from the summit
There is one big absence this time: Russia. Just the axThe ICC hangs around the president’s neck Vladimir Putin and If he moves to western territory, he may lose his freedom, Just like the situation with 2024 host country Brazil. This time they seem to agree on the need to “democratize” global governance. The most iconic example of ideological and political differences is undoubtedly that of American Joe Biden and his Chinese colleague Xi Jinping. Despite the distance, the two reunited in Lima this week.
There is no doubt that a new global “balance” is one of the central themes of the summit, which runs until next Tuesday at the Museum of Modern Art in Flamenco Beach. Clearly, Brazil is one of the countries most interested in promoting UN reform, and its Security Council is still responding to plans that have been in force since 1945. body), has one tool: the veto, which ultimately determines the effectiveness of measures taken by the United Nations. What is sought is an expansion of the number of permanent members of the Security Council with additional countries from different continents.
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So far, the initiative mentions the participation of India, Brazil, South Africa, Japan and Germany; and there is the possibility of concrete progress in this direction. It is no accident that the Brazilian organizers of this summit decided to include this issue in the last social G20 meeting held on Rio’s Olympic Boulevard. The Brazilian diplomat said, “The discussions were aimed at mapping the challenges and proposing guidelines for more inclusive and democratic global governance.”
Celso Amorim, former Prime Minister and current head of the Office of Special Adviser to the President of the Republic Lula da Silva, recalled the global asymmetry that creates huge distortions even between continents. He cited the structure of the International Monetary Fund as an example, in which European Union decisive weight Because he is the one who contributes the most resources. With the same argument, he also questioned the World Bank and the United Nations itself. South Korean economist Ha Joon Chang revealed that “this structural inequality is one of the biggest obstacles for these institutions to respond to global crises, reallocate resources, and promote social and environmental justice.”
For Amorim, a diplomat who has not only a working relationship but also a friendship with President Lula, this G20 summit “opens the space to rethink this issue”. Next, I force the role of regional groups In the balance of traditional hegemonyAmong them, he specifically mentioned the BRICS countries. It joins a group originally composed of Russia, China, India, Brazil and South Africa; now includes Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran and the United Arab Emirates.
Korean, Zhang Hejunwhich lists the major global economic issues that hinder improvements in the global economy. He pointed out that against neoliberalism, he believed that neoliberalism perpetuating developing country dependence. In particular, he said: “There cannot be a single economic rule that applies to everyone, because it only benefits rich countries.” Apparently, he was referring to the need to recognize the differences between rich, middle and poor countries. But at the same time, he argued that a more equitable and transparent financing mechanism needs to be established; at the same time, technology transfer must be guaranteed.
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How can Brazil leverage its role as host to advocate for a more equitable global governance framework during the summit?
**Interview with Celso Amorim on the Upcoming G20 Summit in Rio de Janeiro**
**Editor:** Welcome, Celso. With the G20 Summit starting next week in Rio, there are so many pressing issues on the agenda. What do you see as the primary goals for Brazil as the host country this year?
**Celso Amorim:** Thank you for having me. Brazil’s main objective is to foster a sense of consensus among the participating nations on crucial topics such as reforming global governance, tackling climate change, and addressing global inequality. We’re particularly interested in expanding the UN Security Council to include more diverse voices from different continents.
**Editor:** The summit will bring together a wide array of countries, but there seem to be significant political divides, especially with the absence of Russia and differing positions on economic issues. How do you expect these challenges to impact the negotiations?
**Celso Amorim:** The absence of Russia, due to the ongoing political tensions, certainly complicates matters. It highlights ideological divides, particularly between nations like the US and China. Nevertheless, Brazil aims to act as a mediator to encourage dialogue and find common ground, especially on pressing issues like international taxation on the wealthy and climate action.
**Editor:** You mentioned the focus on taxing the ultra-rich and addressing climate disasters. How likely is it that the G20 will reach a consensus on these challenging topics?
**Celso Amorim:** Achieving consensus is always difficult at the G20 due to the varied interests of member nations. However, Brazil is committed to advocating for action on these topics, as they are crucial for a sustainable future. The discussions held during the summit will be essential to gauge the willingness of countries to collaborate on these urgent global issues.
**Editor:** You also mentioned the possibility of discussions regarding a long-delayed trade deal between Mercosur and the EU. How significant do you think this deal could be for South America?
**Celso Amorim:** A successful Mercosur-EU agreement could be transformative for South America. It would enhance economic ties, increase trade flows, and provide a platform for greater inclusion in global markets. This summit presents a crucial opportunity to reignite those discussions and push for tangible outcomes.
**Editor:** Lastly, what are your hopes as Brazil hosts this summit? What legacy do you hope the talks will leave?
**Celso Amorim:** My hope is for the G20 to emerge with a clear commitment to more inclusive and equitable global governance. If we can take concrete steps towards addressing inequality and climate change, Brazil will have played a pivotal role in shaping a more democratic international framework for the future.
**Editor:** Thank you, Celso. Your insights into the challenges and opportunities ahead of the G20 are invaluable.
**Celso Amorim:** Thank you for the opportunity to discuss these important issues.
