Democracy’s Quiet Surge: A New Silhouette for Liberalism in Africa
Across the continent, a remarkably different narrative is emerging, one that distinctly contradicts the claims of liberal democracy’s demise. While criticisms of governmental performance, especially concerning economic development, remain valid and prominent, the underlying yearning isn’t for a wholesale rejection of liberal democratic principles. Instead, Africans appear to be demanding more democracy, not less.
The vibrant앙 wave of elections sweeping across the continent in 2024 underscores this point. For the first time, at least 22 African nations will hold some form of democratic contest—presidential, parliamentary, or local. Elections, though often insufficient on their own, signify a vital engagement with the system, a striving for a voice in shaping the political landscape. This is especially true in regions known for authoritarian regimes tightening their grip.
This year’s election in Botswana, a testament to the transfer of power after decades of single-party dominance, demonstrates this shift. It allies, and it is particularly powerful in the context of waning faith in democracies in the global North.
Further testament is found in Namibia’s election of seventy-two-year-old Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah as head of state. Her win marks a substantial leap toward gender equality in a continent where women are still encountering significant obstacles. Somaliland, a self-declared but unrecognized nation with a budget of just $421.5 million, yet boasting a leader are elected at age fifteen, stands as a powerful reminder that democracy can thrive even in the face of economic constraints.
Beyond the ballot box, a spirit of egalitarianism is taking root across the continent. In Somalia, where the Islamist group al-Shabaab has waged a relentless campaign for two decades, women persist in their demand for gender equality, speaking out against violence and striving for equal opportunities. In northern Nigeria, the devastation wrought by Boko Haram and its allies has thrown the need for religious freedom and quality education, particularly for girls, into sharp relief.
Across the Sahel region, the surprising rapid plunge in public support for military rule is a potent symbol of democracy’s enduring appeal. When coups occur, it’s everyday Africans
who often bravely take a stand, demanding a return to democratic systems. Africa’s embrace of liberty, though often muted by Western observers, is undeniable.
None of this is to deny the challenges. The frustrations which often erupt post-election, as seen in instances from Mozambique to Namibia, underline the reality of the situation. Ruling elites continue to wield their power, manipulating electoral processes to secure their hold on power. The allure of “stay-in-office-at-all-costs,” manifested in the persistent attempts to extend presidential terms, persists. The threat of gangs and terrorists in various parts of the continent undermines long-term stability.
While the path toward true democratic consolidation in Africa is far from easy.
The voices of those within and outside the African continent who believe in these ideals remain strong. America, still a beacon of democratic values on the global stage, could serve as a more effective partner if it can learn as much as it teaches. Perhaps it could adopt a more insightful, less prescriptive approach, recognizing the diversity of experiences and adapting its support to specific contextual needs.
Africans, with empathy and humility, for example, bypkey mimicking Somaliland’s decision to lower the voting age.
what appears to be a decline in a commitment to democratic ideals.
The discourse, both within the region and outside of it, appears to be focused on the
– What specific examples does Dr. Mensah use to illustrate the resurgence of democracy in Africa?
## A Quiet Surge: Democracy in Africa
**Host:** Welcome back to the show. Today we’re discussing a fascinating trend: the resurgence of democracy in Africa. Joining us is Dr. Abena Mensah, an expert on African political movements. Dr. Mensah, thank you for being here.
**Dr. Mensah:** It’s a pleasure to be here.
**Host:** Let’s start with the big picture. Many associate Africa with authoritarian regimes. But your research indicates a different story, especially in 2024. Can you elaborate?
**Dr. Mensah:** Absolutely. While challenges to democracy certainly exist, 2024 paints a picture of resilience and a growing desire for democratic participation. We’re seeing a wave of elections across the continent, from established democracies like Botswana to countries experiencing political transitions. This isn’t just about voting; it’s about people actively engaging with their political systems and demanding a greater say in their governments. [[1](https://www.cfr.org/article/whats-happening-democracy-africa)].
**Host:** That’s fascinating. Can you give us some specific examples?
**Dr. Mensah:** Botswana’s election this year is particularly noteworthy. After decades of single-party rule, the Botswana Democratic Party faced genuine competition, signaling a shift towards multi-party democracy. Similarly, Namibia electing Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah as its president at seventy-two years old is a significant step towards empowering women in leadership. And Somaliland, despite its limited resources, demonstrates that democratic principles can take root regardless of economic status.
**Host:** So, this resurgence isn’t just about elections; there’s also a cultural shift towards egalitarianism and participation?
**Dr. Mensah:** Precisely. We see this in movements for gender equality, like those in Somalia where women bravely advocate for their rights despite facing threats from groups like al-Shabaab. Even in regions ravaged by conflict, like northern Nigeria, people are demanding accountability and better governance. There’s a deep-seated desire for a more inclusive and equitable society.
**Host:** Dr. Mensah, this is incredibly inspiring. Ultimately what does this mean for the future of democracy in Africa?
**Dr. Mensah:** It’s a powerful testament to the enduring human desire for self-determination. It shows that democracy is not a static concept but a living force adapting to different contexts and challenges.
**Host:** Thanks so much for shedding light on this important topic, Dr. Mensah.
**Dr. Mensah:** It was my pleasure.
