There is a lot of solar panels in Pakistan at the moment. According to a Bloomberg NEF report, 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. According to one project developer, importing such a large number of solar panels resulted in solar panels being “seen on the roads.” In 2023, the demand for solar panels in Pakistan is about 3.5 GW, and in early 2024, Pakistan will be the target for Chinese solar exports. became the third largest market.
Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, said that in 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a shortage of dollars, leading to a trade deficit and an informal ban on imports. Only essential goods such as medicine and food could be imported, which meant that distributors were unable to bring in solar panels for nearly nine months.
Despite these restrictions, some solar panels were imported. Generally, a letter of credit (LC) is required from the importer’s bank to import goods. However during the foreign exchange crisis in 2022, issuance of LCs was limited. This situation provided an opportunity for the big players in the market to take advantage.
Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions said that the direct cost of importing the panels was $0.15 per watt while they were being sold at $0.30 per watt in the local market, a 100 percent profit in the trading business. Seeing the profit rate, everyone started ordering solar panels. Companies that were also exporting rice ventured into this business. For example, they exported rice and now they could bring their dollars back from other countries and suddenly the distribution of solar panels increased significantly.
Mohammad Mujahid said that selling solar panels was not a problem and no experience was necessary, meaning that it was not difficult for you to amortize solar panels from grade A manufacturing companies and sell them in the local market. .
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How have changing profit margins affected the solar panel market and investment opportunities in Pakistan?
**Interview: The Surge of Solar Panels in Pakistan**
**Interviewer:** Today we’re talking about the significant influx of solar panels in Pakistan, a trend that’s been highlighted in a recent Bloomberg NEF report. Joining us is Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, and Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions. Thank you both for being here.
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having us.
**Hussain Khan:** It’s a pleasure.
**Interviewer:** To start with, Muhammad, you’ve observed a massive importation of solar panels, especially from China. Can you explain what led to this surge?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Certainly. In the first half of 2024 alone, we’ve imported about 13 GW of solar panels. This is predominantly due to the changing market dynamics and the increased demand, which was about 3.5 GW in 2023. After facing a foreign exchange crisis in 2022 that restricted imports, the demand for solar energy has exploded, leading to panels literally being ”seen on the roads.”
**Interviewer:** Hussain, with this influx, you’ve noted that the profit margins for solar panel trading have been exceptionally high. Can you elaborate on that?
**Hussain Khan:** Absolutely. Initially, the direct cost of importing these panels was around $0.15 per watt, while they were selling for $0.30 per watt domestically, resulting in a 100% profit. This attracted many players into the market, including those from unrelated industries, like rice exporters, who saw an opportunity in solar panels.
**Interviewer:** With such high profits, it seems like a gold rush. But now, with so many panels available, has the market started to react?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Yes, the landscape is changing rapidly. Due to the oversupply, profit margins have started to shrink and in some instances, companies are selling panels at a loss. I didn’t expect such a swift market exit for some players; I thought it would take longer for the capitalists who reaped significant profits to exit.
**Interviewer:** Hussain, despite this fluctuation in profitability, you mentioned that investing in solar remains a “straightforward investment.” Can you explain why?
**Hussain Khan:** Solar energy systems typically yield a return on investment within 18 to 24 months. Even if the profitability from net metering declines, rising electricity prices in Pakistan ensure that solar remains an attractive option, especially given the various challenges our grid faces—like theft, excess losses, and institutional inefficiencies.
**Interviewer:** Muhammad, what do you see as the future of solar energy in Pakistan, especially with the growing investments in photovoltaic technology?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** I believe we will continue to see substantial investments from both multinational and local companies. The trend toward solar is not just a temporary phase; it aligns with Pakistan’s broader energy goals. We are witnessing a transformative shift in how energy is generated and consumed.
**Interviewer:** Before we wrap up, any final thoughts on the solar panel market’s trajectory?
**Hussain Khan:** As we look to 2025, we’re planning to install an additional 50 MW of solar capacity. As with any rapidly growing sector, we’ll have to navigate through challenges, but the potential is immense.
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Indeed, the path ahead is exciting but requires careful navigation. The market will stabilize, and the focus should remain on sustainable growth and innovation in the solar sector.
**Interviewer:** Thank you both for your insights. It’s clear that the solar industry in Pakistan is evolving rapidly, and we’ll be watching how it unfolds in the coming months and years.