There is a lot of solar panels in Pakistan at the moment. According to a Bloomberg NEF report, 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. According to one project developer, importing such a large number of solar panels resulted in solar panels being “seen on the roads.” In 2023, the demand for solar panels in Pakistan is about 3.5 GW, and in early 2024, Pakistan will be the target for Chinese solar exports. became the third largest market.
Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, said that in 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a shortage of dollars, leading to a trade deficit and an informal ban on imports. Only essential goods such as medicine and food could be imported, which meant that distributors were unable to bring in solar panels for nearly nine months.
Despite these restrictions, some solar panels were imported. Generally, a letter of credit (LC) is required from the importer’s bank to import goods. However during the foreign exchange crisis in 2022, issuance of LCs was limited. This situation provided an opportunity for the big players in the market to take advantage.
Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions said that the direct cost of importing the panels was $0.15 per watt while they were being sold at $0.30 per watt in the local market, a 100 percent profit in the trading business. Seeing the profit rate, everyone started ordering solar panels. Companies that were also exporting rice ventured into this business. For example, they exported rice and now they could bring their dollars back from other countries and suddenly the distribution of solar panels increased significantly.
Mohammad Mujahid said that selling solar panels was not a problem and no experience was necessary, meaning that it was not difficult for you to amortize solar panels from grade A manufacturing companies and sell them in the local market. .
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What factors contributed to the recent surge in solar panel imports from China in Pakistan?
**Interview with Muhammad Mujahid, Executive Director of Innovo Corp**
**Editor**: Thank you for joining us today, Muhammad. It seems that Pakistan’s solar panel market has experienced significant growth recently, particularly with the influx of imports from China. Can you tell us more about this surge in solar panel imports?
**Muhammad Mujahid**: Absolutely, it has been quite remarkable. In the first half of 2024, we saw 13 GW of solar panels imported from China. This was prompted by a rising demand for solar energy in Pakistan, which hit around 3.5 GW in 2023. The rapid imports have been an incredible sight; solar panels are literally being seen on roads and rooftops across the country.
**Editor**: That’s quite a lot! But we know that the market faced challenges in 2022 due to a shortage of dollars. How did that affect the solar sector?
**Muhammad Mujahid**: The restrictions imposed by the central bank back then were quite severe. Essential goods were prioritized, leading to an informal ban on the import of solar panels for almost nine months. Despite this, some imports did occur, but it was challenging because the issuance of letters of credit was restricted. This situation created opportunities for larger players in the market to thrive, while smaller distributors struggled.
**Editor**: Interesting. You mentioned that there was a significant profit margin on imported panels. Can you elaborate on that?
**Muhammad Mujahid**: Yes, the costs were very favorable. The direct import cost was about $0.15 per watt, yet these panels were sold locally for $0.30 per watt, bringing in a 100% profit margin. This attracted many investors, some of whom diversified from other industries, like rice exportation, into solar panel distribution. However, as the market became saturated, those profit margins have diminished significantly.
**Editor**: It sounds like the dynamics of the market are shifting rapidly. With the predicted increase in supply, what do you foresee for the profitability of solar panels in 2024?
**Muhammad Mujahid**: We are already seeing a decrease in profitability, with some instances of panels being sold at a loss. There was an unexpected speed in how quickly some players exited the market, which suggests that many were reliant on the initial high-profit rates. Based on current trends, I didn’t expect this kind of exit for another 6 to 12 months.
**Editor**: Beyond the immediate financial aspects, how do you see the future of solar energy in Pakistan, especially concerning investments from various sectors?
**Muhammad Mujahid**: The future looks promising, especially since there is a significant investment coming from both local and multinational companies in photovoltaic technology. As more companies adopt solar solutions, it establishes a robust market foundation. Many players see this as a straightforward investment; with typical ROI within 18 months to two years, the economic benefits are compelling, even amidst changing profitability structures.
**Editor**: Thank you, Muhammad, for sharing these insights. It’s clear that while the solar market faces challenges, there is also a great deal of potential moving forward.
**Muhammad Mujahid**: Thank you for having me! I believe that despite the ups and downs, solar energy will continue to be a significant player in Pakistan’s energy landscape.