There is a lot of solar panels in Pakistan at the moment. According to a Bloomberg NEF report, 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. According to one project developer, importing such a large number of solar panels resulted in solar panels being “seen on the roads.” In 2023, the demand for solar panels in Pakistan is about 3.5 GW, and in early 2024, Pakistan will be the target for Chinese solar exports. became the third largest market.
Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, said that in 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a shortage of dollars, leading to a trade deficit and an informal ban on imports. Only essential goods such as medicine and food could be imported, which meant distributors were unable to bring in solar panels for nearly nine months.
Despite these restrictions, some solar panels were imported. Generally, a letter of credit (LC) is required from the importer’s bank to import goods. However during the foreign exchange crisis in 2022, issuance of LCs was limited. This situation provided an opportunity for the big players in the market to take advantage.
Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions said that the direct cost of importing the panels was $0.15 per watt while they were being sold at $0.30 per watt in the local market, a 100 percent profit in the trading business. Seeing the profit rate, everyone started ordering solar panels. Companies that were also exporting rice ventured into this business. For example, they exported rice and now they could bring their dollars back from other countries and suddenly the distribution of solar panels increased significantly.
Mohammad Mujahid said that selling solar panels was not a problem and no experience was necessary, meaning that it was not difficult for you to amortize solar panels from grade A manufacturing companies and sell them in the local market. .
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What factors are contributing to the increasing demand for solar energy in Pakistan?
**Interview with Muhammad Mujahid and Hussain Khan on the Surge of Solar Panels in Pakistan**
**Interviewer:** Thank you both for joining us today. Muhammad, let’s start with you. The Bloomberg NEF report highlighted a significant import of solar panels, reaching 13 GW in just the first half of 2024. Can you explain why there was such a sudden spike in imports?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Absolutely. The surge in imports is largely driven by the increasing demand for solar energy in Pakistan, particularly after the difficulties we faced during 2022 when importing solar panels was almost impossible due to the foreign exchange crisis. Once those restrictions eased, companies rushed to fulfill the pent-up demand. As a result, solar panels have become quite visible on our roads as they’re transported for various projects.
**Interviewer:** That’s quite an impressive figure. Hussain, you mentioned that the direct cost of importing panels was significantly lower than the market rate. How did that impact the market dynamics?
**Hussain Khan:** Yes, during the peak period of demand, the cost was about $0.15 per watt, while the local market was selling them at $0.30 per watt, resulting in substantial profits. This attracted many players into the market, including businesses that had previously focused on other exports, like rice. It created a perfect environment for companies to capitalize on solar imports.
**Interviewer:** Muhammad, you noted earlier that selling solar panels doesn’t require extensive experience. Why do you think that is?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** The technology has become quite standardized and accessible. Many importers can source panels from Grade A manufacturers and sell them without needing extensive expertise. This ease of entry into the market has encouraged more distributors to join the business and has saturated the market.
**Interviewer:** Hussain, with such a rapid influx of solar panels, do you foresee market challenges ahead, particularly regarding profitability?
**Hussain Khan:** Yes, definitely. By 2024, the market started experiencing lower profit margins, and in some cases, panels were sold at a loss. The expectation was that the lucrative nature of this market would maintain for longer. However, the rapid entry of new players has caused increased competition and price drops, which has shifted the economics considerably.
**Interviewer:** It seems that while there’s a lot of potential, the market is quite volatile. Muhammad, what do you see as the future of solar energy investment in Pakistan?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Despite the current challenges, I believe there’s still strong potential. Investments from both local and multinational companies have been significant in photovoltaic technology. People are increasingly recognizing the long-term benefits, particularly with rising electricity costs. It’s a straightforward investment, with many recouping their initial investment within 18 to 24 months.
**Interviewer:** Hussain, do you think innovations in solar technology will continue to drive growth in this sector?
**Hussain Khan:** Absolutely. Innovations along with the rising costs of electricity are pushing more businesses and homeowners to consider solar power, even if net metering profitability fluctuates. As the regulatory environment stabilizes, I expect the solar market in Pakistan to become even more robust.
**Interviewer:** Thank you both for your insights. It certainly sounds like an exciting, albeit challenging, time for the solar energy sector in Pakistan!